Miguel Hernández
Miguel Hernández, born in Orihuela (Alicante Province), was a leading 20th century Spanish poet and playwright.
Hernández was born to a poor family and received little formal education; he published his first book of poetry at 23, and gained considerable fame before his death. He spent his childhood as a goatherd and farmhand, and was, for the most part, self-taught, although he did receive basic education from state schools and the Jesuits. He was introduced to literature by friend Ramon Sijé. As a youth, Hernández greatly admired the Spanish Baroque lyric poet Luis de Góngora, who was an influence in his early works. Like many Spanish poets of his era, he was deeply influenced by European vanguard movements, notably by Surrealism. Though H
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Juan Ramón Jiménez
Platero y Yo (1914) ranks as most famous work of Spanish poet Juan Ramón Jiménez, who introduced modernism to Spanish verse and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1956.
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He won this prize "for his lyrical poetry, which in Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistical purity."
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Antonio Muñoz Molina
Antonio Muñoz Molina is a Spanish writer and, since 8 June 1995, a full member of the Royal Spanish Academy. He currently resides in New York City, United States. In 2004-2005 he served as the director of the Instituto Cervantes of New York.
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He was born in the town of Úbeda in Jaén province.
He studied art history at the University of Granada and journalism in Madrid. He began writing in the 1980s and his first published book, El Robinsón urbano, a collection of his journalistic work, was published in 1984. His columns have regularly appeared in El País and Die Welt.
His first novel, Beatus ille, appeared in 1986. It features the imaginary city of Mágina — a re-creation of his Andalusian birthplace — which would reappear in some his later work -
Rubén Darío
Nicaraguan poet Félix Rubén García Sarmiento initiated and epitomizes Spanish literary modernism. Dario is in all possibility the poet who has had the greatest and most lasting influence in twentieth century Spanish literature. He has been praised as the prince of Castilian letters.
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Alessandro Baricco
Alessandro Baricco is an Italian writer, born at Torino in 1958. He's the author of several works, including the novels Lands of Glass (Selezione Campiello Award and Prix Médicis Étranger), Ocean Sea (Viareggio Prize), Silk, City, Emmaus or Mr. Gwyn, among others.
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He is also the author of the majestic rewrite of Homer’s Iliad, the theatrical monologue Novecento, the essays Next: On Globalization and the World to Come or The Game.
Baricco hosted the book program "Pickwick" for Rai Tre, which, according to Claudio Paglieri, "invited Italians to rediscover the pleasure of reading." In 1994, he founded a school of "writing techniques" in Turin called Holden (as a tribute to Salinger), which, under his direction, has been a resounding success. Si -
Miguel Delibes
Miguel Delibes Setién was a Spanish novelist, journalist and newspaper editor associated with the Generation of '36 movement. From 1975 until his death, he was a member of the Royal Spanish Academy, where he occupied letter "e" seat. Educated in commerce, he began his career as a cartoonist and columnist. He later became the editor for the regional newspaper El Norte de Castilla before gradually devoting himself exclusively to writing novels.
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He was a connoisseur of the flora and fauna of Castile and was passionate about hunting and the countryside. These were common themes in his writing, and he often wrote from the perspective of a city-dweller who remained connected with the rural world.
He was one of the leading figures of post-Civil War -
Antonio Buero Vallejo
Antonio Buero Vallejo was a Spanish playwright considered the most important Spanish dramatist of the Spanish Civil War. During his career he won three National Theatre Prizes (in 1957, 1958 & 1959), a National Theatre Prize for all his career in 1980, the National Literature Prize in 1996, and the Miguel de Cervantes Prize, Spain's highest literary honour, in 1986. From 1971 until his death he was a member of the Real Academia Española.
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From 1934 to 1936 Vallejo studied art and painting at San Fernando Escuela de Arte, in Madrid. During the civil war, he served as a medical aid in the Republican army. After the war he was imprisoned for six years. After being released he wrote Story of a Stairway in 1949. This work presented a graphic pictu -
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo was born in the medieval centre of Bilbao, Basque Country, the son of Félix de Unamuno and Salomé Jugo. As a young man, he was interested in the Basque language, and competed for a teaching position in the Instituto de Bilbao, against Sabino Arana. The contest was finally won by the Basque scholar Resurrección María de Azcue.
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Unamuno worked in all major genres: the essay, the novel, poetry and theatre, and, as a modernist, contributed greatly to dissolving the boundaries between genres. There is some debate as to whether Unamuno was in fact a member of the Generation of '98 (an ex post facto literary group of Spanish intellectuals and philosophers that was the creation of José Martínez Ruiz — a group that includes An -
Julio Cortázar
Julio Cortázar, born Julio Florencio Cortázar Descotte, was an Argentine author of novels and short stories. He influenced an entire generation of Latin American writers from Mexico to Argentina, and most of his best-known work was written in France, where he established himself in 1951.
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Mario Benedetti
Mario Benedetti (full name: Mario Orlando Hamlet Hardy Brenno Benedetti Farugia) was a Uruguayan journalist, novelist, and poet. Despite publishing more than 80 books and being published in twenty languages he was not well known in the English-speaking world. He is considered one of Latin America's most important 20th-century writers.
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Benedetti was a member of the 'Generation of 45', a Uruguayan intellectual and literary movement and also wrote in the famous weekly Uruguayan newspaper Marcha from 1945 until it was forcibly closed by the military government in 1973, and was its literary director from 1954. From 1973 to 1985 he lived in exile, and returned to Uruguay in March 1983 following the restoration of democracy. -
Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer
Gustavo Adolfo Domínguez Bastida, better known as Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, was a Spanish post-romanticist writer of poetry, short stories, and nonfiction now considered one of the most important figures in Spanish literature. He adopted the alias of Bécquer as his brother Valeriano Bécquer, a painter, had done earlier. He was associated with the post-romanticism movement and wrote while realism was enjoying success in Spain. He was moderately well known during his life, but it was after his death that most of his works were published.
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He is best known for his intimate, lyrical poems and for his legends; more importantly, he is remembered for the verbal decor with which he impregnated everything he wrote. A Romantic poet above all else, Bécqu -
Antonio Machado
Antonio Machado was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98, a group of novelists, poets, essayists, and philosophers active in Spain at the time of the Spanish-American War (1898).
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Miguel Mihura
Nació el 21 de julio de 1905 en Madrid (España). Su padre fue el actor, autor y empresario teatral Miguel Mihura Álvarez.
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Comenzó escribiendo en revistas humorísticas como La ametralladora. En 1941 funda La codorniz, revista de humor también, cuya dirección abandona en 1944. Colaboró en el guion de la película Bienvenido, Mr. Marshall, de Luis García Berlanga, una de las cintas clave de la cinematografía española.
Como su primera obra teatral aparece Tres sombreros de copa (1932), obra que no vio la luz hasta veinte años después y constituyó uno de los acontecimientos capitales del teatro español del siglo XX. Después se llevaron a la escena, entre otras: Sublime decisión (1955), Mi adorado Juan (1956), Melocotón en almíbar(1958), Maribel y -
Eduardo Mendoza
Eduardo Mendoza Garriga studied law in the first half of the 1960s and lived in New York between 1973 and 1982, working as interpreter for the United Nations.
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He maintained an intense relationship with novelists Juan Benet and Juan García Hortelano, poet Pere Gimferrer and writer (and neighbour) Félix de Azúa.
In 1975 he published his very successful first novel, La verdad sobre el caso Savolta (The Truth about the Savolta Case), where he shows his ability to use different resources and styles. The novel is considered a precursor to the social change in the Spanish post-Franco society and the first novel of the transition to democracy. He describes the union fights from the beginning of the 20th century, showing the social, cultural and econo -
Federico García Lorca
Born in Fuente Vaqueros, Granada, Spain, June 5 1898; died near Granada, August 19 1936, García Lorca is one of Spain's most deeply appreciated and highly revered poets and dramatists. His murder by the Nationalists at the start of the Spanish civil war brought sudden international fame, accompanied by an excess of political rhetoric which led a later generation to question his merits; after the inevitable slump, his reputation has recovered (largely with a shift in interest to the less obvious works). He must now be bracketed with Machado as one of the two greatest poets Spain has produced in the 20th century, and he is certainly Spain's greatest dramatist since the Golden Age.
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Pedro Lemebel
Hijo de Pedro Mardones, panadero, y Violeta Lemebel, nació "literalmente en la orilla del Zanjón de la Aguada" y "vivió en medio del barro" hasta que, a mediados de los años sesenta, "su familia se mudó a un conjunto de viviendas sociales en avenida Departamental".
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Estudió en un liceo industrial donde se enseñaba forja de metal y mueblería y, después, en la Universidad de Chile, donde se tituló de profesor de Artes Plásticas. Trabajó en dos liceos, de los cuales fue despedido en 1983 "presumiblemente por su apariencia, ya que no hacía mucho esfuerzo por disimular su homosexualidad".
En sus libros aborda fundamentalmente la marginalidad chilena con algunas referencias autobiográficas. Su estilo irreverente, barroco y kitsch lo ha hecho conocid -
Garcilaso de la Vega
Garcilaso de la Vega (Toledo, c. 1501– Le Muy, Nice, France, October 14, 1536), was a Spanish soldier and poet. The prototypical "Renaissance man," he was the most influential (though not the first or the only) poet to introduce Italian Renaissance verse forms, poetic techniques and themes to Spain. His exact birth date is unknown, but estimations by scholars put his year of birth between 1498 and 1503.
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Garcilaso was born in the Spanish city of Toledo. His father, Pedro Suárez de Figueroa, was a noble in the royal court of the Catholic Kings. His mother's name was Sancha de Guzmán. He had six brothers and sisters: Leanor, Pedro, Fernando, Francisco, Gonzalo, and Juana. Garcilaso was the second-oldest son which meant he did not receive the m -
José Zorrilla
Dramaturgo y poeta español que fue una de las figuras más destacadas del romanticismo. Nació en Valladolid y estudió en las universidades de Toledo y Valladolid. Escritor enormemente prolífico, publicó cuarenta obras, en su mayoría historias nacionales, entre 1839 y 1849. También completó los Cantos del trovador (1840-1841), una serie de leyendas españolas escritas en verso. En 1850 se trasladó a Francia y en 1855 a México. De regreso a España, en 1866, comprobó que pese a la extraordinaria popularidad que había alcanzado su obra no podía cobrar derechos de autor. Vivió en la pobreza hasta que finalmente obtuvo una pequeña pensión del Gobierno. En 1889 fue nombrado poeta laureado de España. El genio de Zorrilla como poeta de su tiempo se ad
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Agustín Gómez Arcos
Agustín Gómez Arcos (Agustin Gomez-Arcos in France) was a Spanish writer, anarchist and dramatist born in Almería, Andalusia. He studied law but quit university for theater. However, some of his work was banned in Franco's Spain. Because of censorship Gómez Arcos emigrated to London in 1966, then to Paris in 1968, where he settled and wrote primarily in French, often with themes condemning the fascist Spanish state. He died in Paris of cancer.
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Gómez Arcos won the Hermès Prize for his 1975 novel The Carnivorous Lamb, the Livre Inter prize, the Roland Dorgelès Prize and the Thyde Monnier Prize for his 1977 novel Ana No, and he was twice a finalist for the Prix Goncourt. -
Ramón María del Valle-Inclán
Ramón del Valle-Inclán was born into an impoverished aristocratic family in a rural village in Galicia, Spain. Obedient to his father’s wishes, he studied law in Compostela, but after his father’s death in 1889 he moved to Madrid to work as a journalist and critic. In 1892 Valle-Inclán traveled to Mexico, where he remained for more than a year. His first book of stories came out in Spain in 1895. A well-known figure in the cafés of Madrid, famous for his spindly frame, cutting wit, long hair, longer beard, black cape, and single arm (the other having been lost after a fight with a critic), Valle-Inclán was celebrated as the author of Sonatas: The Memoirs of the Marquis of Bradomín, which was published in 1904 and is considered the finest no
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David Uclés
DAVID UCLÉS (Úbeda, 1990), licenciado y máster en Traducción e Interpretación por francés, alemán e inglés, es, además, escritor, músico y dibujante. Ha publicado las novelas La península de las casas vacías (Siruela/Premio Cálamo Mejor Libro 2024), Emilio y Octubre (Dos Bigotes) y El llanto del león (Premio Complutense de Literatura). Fue galardonado con las becas Leonardo y Montserrat Roig. En sus obras predomina el realismo mágico.
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Ha trabajado en Alemania, Suiza y Francia, y ha escrito para Cuadernos hispanoamericanos, La Vanguardia, Revista L y Actúa. También ha participado en varios festivales literarios: Centroamérica Cuenta, Festival 42, FLEM, Book Friday y Literaktum, y clausuró la Biennal de Pensament de Barcelona.
La península de -
Mariano José de Larra
Mariano José de Larra (24 March 1809 – 13 February 1837) was a Spanish romantic writer best known for his numerous essays, as well as his infamous suicide. Larra's works were often satirical and critical of nineteenth-century Spanish society, and focused on both the politics and customs of his time.
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Luis Rosales
Luis Rosales Camacho fue un poeta y ensayista español de la generación de 1936. Miembro de la Real Academia Española y de la Hispanic Society of America desde 1962, obtuvo el Premio Cervantes en 1982 por el conjunto de su obra literaria.1
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Antonio Machado
Antonio Machado was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98, a group of novelists, poets, essayists, and philosophers active in Spain at the time of the Spanish-American War (1898).
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Jesús G. Maestro
Profesor de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, ha desarrollado su labor investigadora y docente en universidades españolas. Artífice del Materialismo Filosófico como Teoría de la Literatura, en su obra en 3 vols. (3.136 págs.) titulada Crítica de la Razón Literaria. El Materialismo Filosófico como Teoría, Crítica y Dialéctica de la Literatura (2017), en la que se aplica a la investigación literaria el Materialismo Filosófico, sistema de pensamiento creado por el filósofo Gustavo Bueno.
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Juan Gelman
Juan Gelman is one of the most read and influential poets in the Spanish language. He has published more than twenty books of poetry since 1956 and has been translated into fourteen languages. A political activist and critical journalist since his youth, Gelman has not only been a literary paradigm but also a moral one, within and outside of Argentina. Among his most recent awards are the National Poetry Prize (Argentina, 1997), the Juan Rulfo Prize in Latin American and Caribbean Literature (Mexico, 2000), the Pablo Neruda Prize (Chile, 2005), the Queen Sofia Prize in Ibero-American Poetry (Spain, 2005), and the Cervantes Prize (the most important award given to a Hispanic writer, Spain, 2007).
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Long biographical note
Juan Gelman is the most -
Yosa Buson
Yosa Buson or Yosa no Buson (与謝蕪村) was a Japanese poet and painter from the Edo period. Along with Matsuo Bashō and Kobayashi Issa, Buson is considered among the greatest poets of the Edo Period.
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Blas de Otero
Blas de Otero Muñoz was one of the main representatives of social poetry and intimate poetry of the fifties in Spain. (Source: es.wikipedia.org)
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Blas de Otero Muñoz fue uno de los principales representantes de la poesía social y la poesía intimista de los años cincuenta en España. (Fuente: es.wikipedia.org) -
Luis Cernuda
Luis Cernuda was a Spanish poet and literary critic.
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The son of a military man, Cernuda received a strict education as a child, and then studied law at the University of Seville, where he met the poet and literature professor Pedro Salinas. In 1928, after his mother died, Cernuda left his hometown, with which he had all his life an intense love-hate relationship. He briefly moved to Madrid, where he quickly became part of the literary scene. However, his detached, timid and morose character, his search of perfection frequently made him lose friendships and popularity.
His mentor and former professor Salinas arranged for him to take a lectureship for a year at the University of Toulouse. From June 1929 until 1937 Cernuda lived in Madrid and pa -
Vladimir Mayakovsky
Vladimir Mayakovsky (Владимир Владимирович Маяковский) was born the last of three children in Baghdati, Russian Empire (now in Georgia) where his father worked as a forest ranger. His father was of Ukrainian Cossack descent and his mother was of Ukrainian descent. Although Mayakovsky spoke Georgian at school and with friends, his family spoke primarily Russian at home. At the age of 14 Mayakovsky took part in socialist demonstrations at the town of Kutaisi, where he attended the local grammar school. After the sudden and premature death of his father in 1906, the family — Mayakovsky, his mother, and his two sisters — moved to Moscow, where he attended School No. 5.
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In Moscow, Mayakovsky developed a passion for Marxist literature and took par -
Dámaso Alonso
Poeta, crítico literario y filólogo nacido en Madrid y que perteneció a la generación del 27. Licenciado en Derecho y en Filosofía y Letras.
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El nombre de dicha generación surge a raíz de un estudio crítico de la obra de Góngora que hizo a próposito de una edición de Soledades. Dicha edición crítica apareció en el año 1927, cuyo número acabó nombrando a tan fértil generación. Durante sus estudios en Madrid participó en la vida intelectual de la mítica Residencia de Estudiantes dónde llegó a coincidir con Buñuel, Dalí y Lorca, entre otros.
Fue catedrático de la Universidad de Valencia y posteriormente catedrático de Filología Románica en la Universidad de Madrid. En 1945 ingresó en la Real Academia Española, de la que llegó a ser director, y e -
Rafael Alberti
Rafael Alberti Merello (December 16, 1902 - October 28, 1999) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27. Alberti published his first books of poetry towards the end of the 1920s: Marinero en tierra ('Sailor on Dry Land', 1925), La Amante ('The Mistress', 1926) and El alba del alhelí ('The Dawn of the Wallflower', 1927). This early work fell broadly into the Cancionero tradition, though from a markedly avant-garde perspective.
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After falling in with the other members of the Generation of '27, Alberti began to show the profound influence of Luis de Góngora on his work, most obviously in Cal y canto ('Quicklime and Plainsong', 1929). It was, however, the introspective surrealism of Sobre los ángeles ('Concerning the Angels', 1929), w -
Xavier Benguerel
Xavier Benguerel (Barcelona, 1905-1990), escriptor i traductor. Resideix al barri del Poblenou de Barcelona fins als 33 anys. L'any 1929 s'incorpora a la novel·la catalana amb Pàgines d'un adolescent. Des d'aleshores escriu més de vint novel·les, un recull de poemes, tres obres de teatre, quatre reculls de narracions i dos llibres de memòries. Abans de la guerra civil espanyola ja havia publicat la novel·la Suburbi (1936), ambientada al barri obrer del Poblenou, ara pràcticament desaparegut per la transformació dels Jocs Olímpics del 1992. En acabar la guerra, s'exilia a Xile fins al 1954. En tornar a Catalunya, reprèn la publicació de novel·les de fons autobiogràfic com El testament i la sèrie de novel·les d'Els vençuts, sobre l'exili. Gua
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