Visconde de Taunay
Viscount of Taunay (Alfredo Maria Adriano d'Escragnolle Taunay), military engineer, professor, politician, historian, novelist, playwright, biographer, ethnologist and memoirist, was born in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, on February 22, 1843, and also died in Rio de Janeiro on January 25, 1899.
He was the son of Félix Emílio Taunay, Baron de Taunay, and Gabriela de Robert d’Escragnolle. His grandfather, the famous painter Nicolau Antônio Taunay, was one of the heads of the French Artistic Mission of 1818 and his father was one of Pedro II's tutors and for a long time directed the National School of Fine Arts. On his maternal side, he was the grandson of the Count d’Escragnolle, who had emigrated from France due to the contingencies of the Revolution.
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Franklin Távora
João Franklin da Silveira Távora nasceu na cidade de Baturité-Ceará, no dia 13 de Janeiro de 1842. Seus pais eram Camilo Henrique da Silveira Távora e Maria de Santana da Silveira. Seus primeiros estudos foram em Fortaleza, capital do estado do Ceará, e em 1884 mudou-se com os pais para Pernambuco. Estudou em Goiana e Recife, e matriculou-se na faculdade de Direito em 1859. Formou-se advogado em 1863.
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Além desta profissão, durante sua trajetória de vida foi também jornalista, político, romancista e teatrólogo, chegou também a exercer alguns cargos públicos nas cidades onde residiu. Em 1874 transferiu-se para o Rio de Janeiro, onde trabalhou como funcionário da Secretaria do Império. Como jornalista, redigiu A Consciência Livre (1869 a 1870) -
Ferreira Gullar
Ferreira Gullar is the pen name for José Ribamar Ferreira, Brazilian poet, playwright, essayist, art critic, and television writer. In 1959 he formed the "Neo-Concretes" group of poets.
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Living in Chile, in 1975, Ferreira Gullar wrote his best known work, "Poema Sujo". He was exiled by the Brazilian dictatorial government that lasted from 1964 to 1985. The poem states that the persecution of the exiles was growing, many were being found dead, and, thinking hypothetically of his death, he decided to write his last poem. He spent months writing this poem with more than two thousand verses, which brings forth his memories of his childhood and adolescence in São Luís, Maranhão and the anguishes of being far from his land.
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Alexandre Dumas
This note regards Alexandre Dumas, père, the father of Alexandre Dumas, fils (son). For the son, see Alexandre Dumas fils.
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Alexandre Dumas père, born Alexandre Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie, was a towering figure of 19th-century French literature whose historical novels and adventure tales earned global renown. Best known for The Three Musketeers, The Count of Monte Cristo, and other swashbuckling epics, Dumas crafted stories filled with daring heroes, dramatic twists, and vivid historical backdrops. His works, often serialized and immensely popular with the public, helped shape the modern adventure genre and remain enduring staples of world literature.
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Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, often known as Machado de Assis, Machado, or Bruxo do Cosme Velho, (June 21, 1839, Rio de Janeiro—September 29, 1908, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He is widely regarded as the most important writer of Brazilian literature. However, he did not gain widespread popularity outside Brazil in his own lifetime.
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Machado's works had a great influence on Brazilian literary schools of the late 19th century and 20th century. José Saramago, Carlos Fuentes, Susan Sontag and Harold Bloom are among his admirers and Bloom calls him "the supreme black literary artist to date." -
Rachel de Queiroz
Quinta ocupante da Cadeira 5, eleita em 4 de agosto de 1977, na sucessão de Candido Motta Filho e recebida pelo Acadêmico Adonias Filho em 4 de novembro de 1977.
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Raquel de Queirós nasceu em Fortaleza (CE), em 17 de novembro de 1910, e faleceu no Rio de Janeiro (RJ) em 4 de novembro de 2003. Filha de Daniel de Queirós e de Clotilde Franklin de Queirós, descende, pelo lado materno, da estirpe dos Alencar, parente portanto do autor ilustre de O Guarani, e, pelo lado paterno, dos Queirós, família de raízes profundamente lançadas no Quixadá e Beberibe.
Em 1917, veio para o Rio de Janeiro, em companhia dos pais que procuravam, nessa migração, fugir dos horrores da terrível seca de 1915, que mais tarde a romancista iria aproveitar como tema de O Qui -
Jorge Amado
Jorge Amado was a modernist Brazilian writer. He remains one of the most read and translated Brazilian authors, second only to Paulo Coelho. In his style of fictional novelist, however, there is no parallel in Brazil. His work was further popularized by highly successful film and TV adaptations.
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He was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1961 until his death in 2001. In 1994, his work was recognized with the Camões Prize, the most prestigious award in Portuguese literature.
His literary work presents two distinct phases. In the first, there is a clear social critic and political focus, with works such as Captains of the Sands and Sea of Death standing out.
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Ariano Suassuna
Ariano Suassuna (born João Pessoa, 1927) is a Brazilian playwright and author. He is in the "Movemento Amorial". He founded the Student Theater at Federal University of Pernambuco. Four of his plays have been filmed and he is considered one of Brazil's greatest living playwrights. He is also an important regional writer doing various novels set in the Northeast of Brazil. He received an honorary doctorate at a ceremony performed at a circus. He is the author of, among other works, the "Auto da Compadecida" and "A Pedra do Reino". He is a staunch defender of the culture of the Northeast, and his works deal with the popular culture of the Northeast.
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Lygia Fagundes Telles
Lygia Fagundes Telles (born April 19, 1923) is a Brazilian novelist and short-story writer. She was born in São Paulo and is one of Brazil's most important living writers.
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Her first book of short stories, Praia Viva (Living Beach), was published in 1944. In 1949 got the Afonso Arinos award for her short stories book O Cacto Vermelho (Red Cactus). Among her most successful books are Ciranda de Pedra (The Marble Dance) (1954), Verão no Aquário (1963), Antes do Baile Verde (1970), Seminário dos Ratos (1977) and As Horas Nuas, (1989). The book Antes do Baile Verde won the Best Foreign Women Writers Grand Prix in Cannes (France) in 1969.
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Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos was widely considered one of the most important Brazilian authors of the 20th century. He was a seminal voice in the literary "regionalism" movement.
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As a child Ramos lived in many cities of Northeastern Brazil, stricken by poverty and severe weather conditions (droughts). After high-school, Graciliano went to Rio de Janeiro where he worked as a journalist. In 1915 he traveled to Palmeira dos Indios, state of Alagoas, to live with his father and in 1927 he was elected mayor.
In 1933 he published his first book, Caetés. A few years later he was jailed by the Getúlio Vargas government, on a charge that was never made clear. His experiences in jail would become a unique personal deposition, Memórias do Cárcere.
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Joaquim Manuel de Macedo
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo (June 24, 1820 — April 11, 1882) was a Brazilian novelist, medician, teacher, playwright and journalist, famous for the romance A Moreninha.
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He is the patron of the 20th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo was born in the city of Itaboraí, in 1820, to Severino de Macedo Carvalho and Benigna Catarina da Conceição. Graduated in Medicine in 1844, he started to practice it in the inlands of Rio. In the same year, he published his romance A Moreninha. In 1849, he founded the magazine Guanabara, along with Manuel de Araújo Porto-alegre and Gonçalves Dias. In this magazine, many parts of his poem A Nebulosa were published.
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Mário de Andrade
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Andrade was the central figure in the avant-garde movement of São Paulo for twenty years. Trained as a musician and best known as a poet and novelist, Andrade was personally involved in virtually every discipline that was connected with São Paulo moder -
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João Antônio
João Antônio Ferreira Filho was a Brazilian journalist and short story writer, who became known for portraying the lives of marginalized people inhabiting the outskirts of large cities, such as bandits, workers, vagrants and malandros.
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Born into a family of small shopkeepers in a suburb of São Paulo, João Antônio worked in low paid jobs before releasing his first collection of short stories, Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço, in 1963, for which he won several awards: two Jabuti Prizes (best new author and best book of short stories), the Prêmio Fabio Prado and the Prêmio Municipal da Cidade de São Paulo. The double Jabuti award was an unprecedented feat for a rookie writer. Malagueta was originally written in 1960 but the manuscript was destroyed -
Lima Barreto
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Concluiu o curso secundário na Escola Politécnica, contudo, teve que abandonar a faculdade de Engenharia, pois seu pai havia sido internado, vítima de loucura, e o autor foi obrigado a arcar com as despesas de casa.
Como leu bastante após a conclusão do segundo grau, sua produção textual era de excelente qualidade, foi então que iniciou sua atividade como jornalista, sendo colaborador da imprensa. Contribuiu para as principais revistas de -
José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani. He wrote some works under pen name Erasmo.
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He is patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
José de Alencar was born in what is today the bairro of Messejana on May 1, 1829, to priest (and later senator) José Martiniano Pereira de Alencar and his cousin Ana Josefina de Alencar. Moving to São Paulo in 1844, he graduated in Law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1850 and starts to follow his lawyer career at Rio de Janeiro. Invited -
Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve
Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve, French author (c. 1695-Paris, 1755). She is considered the original author of the story of Beauty and the Beast (La Belle et la Bête) which is the oldest known variants of the fairy tale Beauty and the Beast.
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First published in La jeune ameriquaine, et les contes marins, it is over a hundred pages long, containing many subplots, and involving a genuinely savage Beast, not merely a beastly facade.
Her lengthy version was later rewritten, shortened and published by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont, to produce the sensually toned down version most commonly retold today.
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Bernardo Guimarães
Bernardo Joaquim da Silva Guimarães was born in the city of Ouro Preto, in Minas Gerais, to João Joaquim da Silva Guimarães (a poet) and Constança Beatriz de Oliveira Guimarães.
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He graduated himself at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1847, where he befriended the poets Álvares de Azevedo and Aureliano Lessa. With those and others, he founded the "Sociedade Epicureia" ("Epicurean Society") in the same year, and also planned with them an unsuccessful collection of poetry called As Três Liras (in English: The Three Lyres).
In 1852, he became a judge in the city of Catalão, Goiás, a post he held until 1854. He moved to Rio de Janeiro in 1858, and, in the following year, worked as a literary critic in the newspaper Atualid -
Dias Gomes
Alfredo de Freitas Dias Gomes, mais conhecido pelo sobrenome Dias Gomes, foi um romancista, dramaturgo, autor de telenovelas e membro da Academia Brasileira de Letras.
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Charlotte Brontë
Charlotte Brontë was an English novelist, the eldest out of the three famous Brontë sisters whose novels have become standards of English literature. See also Emily Brontë and Anne Brontë.
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Charlotte Brontë was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, England, the third of six children, to Patrick Brontë (formerly "Patrick Brunty"), an Irish Anglican clergyman, and his wife, Maria Branwell. In April 1820 the family moved a few miles to Haworth, a remote town on the Yorkshire moors, where Patrick had been appointed Perpetual Curate. This is where the Brontë children would spend most of their lives. Maria Branwell Brontë died from what was thought to be cancer on 15 September 1821, leaving five daughters and a son to the care of her spinster sister Elizabe -
Júlia Lopes de Almeida
The first Brazilian woman to lead what can legitimately be called a career as an author, Júlia Valentina de Silveira Lopes de Almeida was a novelist and playwright, an advocate for women's education and other progressive social reform, and an all-around intellectual. Though she was immensely popular in the late 19th and early 20th Century, her works were forgotten soon after her death, largely due to the country's literary trajectory toward modernism. Recently, however, scholars and readers have begun to unearth and rediscover the pleasures and technical merits of the vast and diverse body of literature she left behind.
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Aluísio Azevedo
Era filho do português David Gonçalves de Azevedo e de Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. Seu pai era viúvo e a mãe era separada do marido, algo que configurava grande escândalo na sociedade da época. Foi irmão do dramaturgo e jornalista Artur Azevedo.
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Desde cedo dedicou-se ao desenho através de caricaturas e à pintura. Em 1876 viaja ao Rio de Janeiro, a fim de estudar Belas Artes, obtendo desde então sustento com seus desenhos para jornais.
Com o falecimento do pai em 1879, volta para o Maranhão, onde começa finalmente a escrever. E em 1881, publica O Mulato, obra que choca a sociedade pela sua forma crua ao desnudar a questão racial. O autor já era abolicionista convicto.
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Manuel Antônio de Almeida
Manuel Antônio de Almeida (November 17, 1831 — November 28, 1861) was a Brazilian writer, medician and teacher. He is famous for the book Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, written under the pen name Um Brasileiro (English: A Brazilian). He is the patron of the 28th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
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de Almeida was born in Rio de Janeiro, to lieutenant Antônio de Almeida and Josefina Maria de Almeida. Few things are known about his years of primary studies — although he entered at the Medicine course in 1849, graduating in 1855. Financial difficulties inspired him to dedicate himself to the literature and to the journalism. His magnum opus, Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, was initially published in serial form during the years -
Júlio Ribeiro
Júlio César Ribeiro Vaughan (April 16, 1845 – November 1, 1890) was a Brazilian Naturalist novelist, philologist, journalist and grammarian. He is famous for his controversial romance A Carne and for designing the flag of the State of São Paulo, which he wanted to be the flag of Brazil.
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He is patron of the 24th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. -
João Antônio
João Antônio Ferreira Filho was a Brazilian journalist and short story writer, who became known for portraying the lives of marginalized people inhabiting the outskirts of large cities, such as bandits, workers, vagrants and malandros.
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Born into a family of small shopkeepers in a suburb of São Paulo, João Antônio worked in low paid jobs before releasing his first collection of short stories, Malagueta, Perus e Bacanaço, in 1963, for which he won several awards: two Jabuti Prizes (best new author and best book of short stories), the Prêmio Fabio Prado and the Prêmio Municipal da Cidade de São Paulo. The double Jabuti award was an unprecedented feat for a rookie writer. Malagueta was originally written in 1960 but the manuscript was destroyed -
Júlio Ribeiro
Júlio César Ribeiro Vaughan (April 16, 1845 – November 1, 1890) was a Brazilian Naturalist novelist, philologist, journalist and grammarian. He is famous for his controversial romance A Carne and for designing the flag of the State of São Paulo, which he wanted to be the flag of Brazil.
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He is patron of the 24th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.