Álvares de Azevedo
Alvares de Azevedo was a writer of the second brazilian romantic generation, also called Byronian generation. He spent his childhood in Rio de Janeiro where he began his studies. He came back to Sao Paulo to start on his Law School where he became known for his brilliant writings. He had the ability to learn languages easily and was recognized for his young and sentimental spirit. He couldn't finish his law school because of the tuberculosis he had, many times proclaimed as the disease of the century since many authors of this age died of it, although what actually came to kill him was the horse fall by his twenties.
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João Cabral de Melo Neto
João Cabral de Melo Neto was born in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and is considered one of the greatest Brazilian poets of all time.
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He is often quoted saying "I try not to perfume the flower". His works are said to be dry, devoid of exaggerated emotions that are usually associated with poetry, sticking usually to images and actions and physical descriptions rather than feelings. The image of an engineer designing a building is often used to describe his poetry. It usually follows a strict meter and assonant rhymes.
He worked as a diplomat for most of his life.
In 1990, he won the Camões Prize, the greatest prize in literature of the Portuguese language. In 1992, João Cabral received the Neustadt International Prize for Literature, which s -
José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani. He wrote some works under pen name Erasmo.
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He is patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
José de Alencar was born in what is today the bairro of Messejana on May 1, 1829, to priest (and later senator) José Martiniano Pereira de Alencar and his cousin Ana Josefina de Alencar. Moving to São Paulo in 1844, he graduated in Law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1850 and starts to follow his lawyer career at Rio de Janeiro. Invited -
Aluísio Azevedo
Era filho do português David Gonçalves de Azevedo e de Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. Seu pai era viúvo e a mãe era separada do marido, algo que configurava grande escândalo na sociedade da época. Foi irmão do dramaturgo e jornalista Artur Azevedo.
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Desde cedo dedicou-se ao desenho através de caricaturas e à pintura. Em 1876 viaja ao Rio de Janeiro, a fim de estudar Belas Artes, obtendo desde então sustento com seus desenhos para jornais.
Com o falecimento do pai em 1879, volta para o Maranhão, onde começa finalmente a escrever. E em 1881, publica O Mulato, obra que choca a sociedade pela sua forma crua ao desnudar a questão racial. O autor já era abolicionista convicto.
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Geovani Martins
Born in 1991, in Bangu, in Rio de Janeiro. He worked as a “plate man”, a cafeteria attendant, a waiter at a children's buffet and at a beach tent. In 2013 and 2015, he participated in the workshops of the Literary Festival of the Peripheries (“Flup”). He published some of his short stories in Setor X magazine and was invited twice to Flip's parallel programming.
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Raphael Montes
Lawyer and writer Raphael Montes was born in 1990, in Rio de Janeiro. His short stories have been published in several mystery anthologies, as well as magazines.
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At the age of 20, he impressed critics and public alike with Roulette (Editora Benvirá), an action-packed crime novel that was a finalist in the 2010 Benvirá Literature Prize, the Brazilian National Library’s 2012 Machado de Assis Prize and the prestigious 2013 São Paulo Literature Prize, and has sold over 15 thousand copies.
At 24, he published his second novel, Perfect Days (Companhia das Letras), which has been phenomenally successful: translation rights have been sold to 13 territories (USA, Canada, England, France, Spain, Italy, Portugal, Germany, Turkey, Holland, Macau, Hong K -
Ana Martins Marques
Nasceu em Belo Horizonte, em novembro de 1977. Formada em Letras pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, é mestre em Literatura Brasileira e doutoranda em Literatura Comparada pela mesma universidade. Em 2007, ganhou o Prêmio Cidade de Belo Horizonte, na categoria “Poesia — autor estreante”, e, em 2008, recebeu novamente o mesmo prêmio, na categoria “Poesia”.
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Manuel Antônio de Almeida
Manuel Antônio de Almeida (November 17, 1831 — November 28, 1861) was a Brazilian writer, medician and teacher. He is famous for the book Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, written under the pen name Um Brasileiro (English: A Brazilian). He is the patron of the 28th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
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de Almeida was born in Rio de Janeiro, to lieutenant Antônio de Almeida and Josefina Maria de Almeida. Few things are known about his years of primary studies — although he entered at the Medicine course in 1849, graduating in 1855. Financial difficulties inspired him to dedicate himself to the literature and to the journalism. His magnum opus, Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, was initially published in serial form during the years -
Aluísio Azevedo
Era filho do português David Gonçalves de Azevedo e de Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. Seu pai era viúvo e a mãe era separada do marido, algo que configurava grande escândalo na sociedade da época. Foi irmão do dramaturgo e jornalista Artur Azevedo.
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Desde cedo dedicou-se ao desenho através de caricaturas e à pintura. Em 1876 viaja ao Rio de Janeiro, a fim de estudar Belas Artes, obtendo desde então sustento com seus desenhos para jornais.
Com o falecimento do pai em 1879, volta para o Maranhão, onde começa finalmente a escrever. E em 1881, publica O Mulato, obra que choca a sociedade pela sua forma crua ao desnudar a questão racial. O autor já era abolicionista convicto.
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Júlia Lopes de Almeida
The first Brazilian woman to lead what can legitimately be called a career as an author, Júlia Valentina de Silveira Lopes de Almeida was a novelist and playwright, an advocate for women's education and other progressive social reform, and an all-around intellectual. Though she was immensely popular in the late 19th and early 20th Century, her works were forgotten soon after her death, largely due to the country's literary trajectory toward modernism. Recently, however, scholars and readers have begun to unearth and rediscover the pleasures and technical merits of the vast and diverse body of literature she left behind.
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Conceição Evaristo
Conceição Evaristo was born in a slum in the south of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais / Brazil. She had to reconcile her studies with work as a domestic worker, until she completed her first years of study in 1971, at the age of 25. She then moved to Rio de Janeiro, where she passed a public competition for teaching and graduated in Letters at UFRJ.
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In the 1980s, she contacted Grupo Quilombhoje. She debuted in literature in 1990, with works published in the series Cadernos Negros, published by the organization.
She holds a Master's degree in Brazilian Literature from PUC-Rio, and a PhD in Comparative Literature from Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF).
Her works, in particular the 2003 novel Ponciá Vicêncio, address themes such as racial, gende -
Gil Vicente
Gil Vicente, called the Trobadour, was a Portuguese playwright and poet who acted in and directed his own plays. Considered the chief dramatist of Portugal he is sometimes called the "Portuguese Plautus" and often referred to as the "Father of Portuguese drama." Vicente worked in Portuguese as much as he worked in Spanish and is thus, with Juan del Encina, considered joint-father of Spanish drama.
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Vicente was attached to the courts of the Portuguese kings Manuel I and John III. He rose to prominence as a playwright largely on account of the influence of Queen Dowager Leonor, who noticed him as he participated in court dramas and subsequently commissioned him to write his first theatrical work.
He may also have been identical to an accomplishe -
João Cabral de Melo Neto
João Cabral de Melo Neto was born in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and is considered one of the greatest Brazilian poets of all time.
Buy books on Amazon
He is often quoted saying "I try not to perfume the flower". His works are said to be dry, devoid of exaggerated emotions that are usually associated with poetry, sticking usually to images and actions and physical descriptions rather than feelings. The image of an engineer designing a building is often used to describe his poetry. It usually follows a strict meter and assonant rhymes.
He worked as a diplomat for most of his life.
In 1990, he won the Camões Prize, the greatest prize in literature of the Portuguese language. In 1992, João Cabral received the Neustadt International Prize for Literature, which s -
José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani. He wrote some works under pen name Erasmo.
Buy books on Amazon
He is patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
José de Alencar was born in what is today the bairro of Messejana on May 1, 1829, to priest (and later senator) José Martiniano Pereira de Alencar and his cousin Ana Josefina de Alencar. Moving to São Paulo in 1844, he graduated in Law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1850 and starts to follow his lawyer career at Rio de Janeiro. Invited -
Ferreira Gullar
Ferreira Gullar is the pen name for José Ribamar Ferreira, Brazilian poet, playwright, essayist, art critic, and television writer. In 1959 he formed the "Neo-Concretes" group of poets.
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Living in Chile, in 1975, Ferreira Gullar wrote his best known work, "Poema Sujo". He was exiled by the Brazilian dictatorial government that lasted from 1964 to 1985. The poem states that the persecution of the exiles was growing, many were being found dead, and, thinking hypothetically of his death, he decided to write his last poem. He spent months writing this poem with more than two thousand verses, which brings forth his memories of his childhood and adolescence in São Luís, Maranhão and the anguishes of being far from his land.
Ferreira Gullar read the -
Lima Barreto
Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto nasceu em 1881 na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Enfrentou o preconceito por ser mestiço durante a vida. Ficou órfão aos sete anos de idade de mãe e, algum tempo depois, seu pai foi trabalhar como almoxarife em um asilo de loucos chamado Colônia de Alienados da Ilha do Governador.
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Concluiu o curso secundário na Escola Politécnica, contudo, teve que abandonar a faculdade de Engenharia, pois seu pai havia sido internado, vítima de loucura, e o autor foi obrigado a arcar com as despesas de casa.
Como leu bastante após a conclusão do segundo grau, sua produção textual era de excelente qualidade, foi então que iniciou sua atividade como jornalista, sendo colaborador da imprensa. Contribuiu para as principais revistas de -
Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Carlos Drummond de Andrade foi um poeta, contista e cronista brasileiro. Formou-se em Farmácia, em 1925; no mesmo ano, fundava, com Emílio Moura e outros escritores mineiros, o periódico modernista "A Revista". Em 1934 mudou-se para o Rio de Janeiro, onde assumiu o cargo de chefe de gabinete de Gustavo Capanema, Ministro da Educação e Saúde, que ocuparia até 1945. Durante esse período, colaborou, como jornalista literário, para vários periódicos, principalmente o Correio da Manhã. Nos anos de 1950, passaria a dedicar-se cada vez mais integralmente à produção literária, publicando poesia, contos, crônicas, literatura infantil e traduções. Entre suas principais obras poéticas estão os livros Alguma Poesia (1930), Sentimento do Mundo (1940), A
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Mário de Andrade
Mário Raul de Morais Andrade was a Brazilian poet, novelist, musicologist, art historian and critic, and photographer. One of the founders of Brazilian modernism, he virtually created modern Brazilian poetry with the publication of his Paulicéia Desvairada (Hallucinated City) in 1922. He has had an enormous influence on Brazilian literature in the 20th and 21st centuries, and as a scholar and essayist—he was a pioneer of the field of ethnomusicology—his influence has reached far beyond Brazil.
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Andrade was the central figure in the avant-garde movement of São Paulo for twenty years. Trained as a musician and best known as a poet and novelist, Andrade was personally involved in virtually every discipline that was connected with São Paulo moder -
Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos was widely considered one of the most important Brazilian authors of the 20th century. He was a seminal voice in the literary "regionalism" movement.
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As a child Ramos lived in many cities of Northeastern Brazil, stricken by poverty and severe weather conditions (droughts). After high-school, Graciliano went to Rio de Janeiro where he worked as a journalist. In 1915 he traveled to Palmeira dos Indios, state of Alagoas, to live with his father and in 1927 he was elected mayor.
In 1933 he published his first book, Caetés. A few years later he was jailed by the Getúlio Vargas government, on a charge that was never made clear. His experiences in jail would become a unique personal deposition, Memórias do Cárcere.
Graciliano died in -
Ariano Suassuna
Ariano Suassuna (born João Pessoa, 1927) is a Brazilian playwright and author. He is in the "Movemento Amorial". He founded the Student Theater at Federal University of Pernambuco. Four of his plays have been filmed and he is considered one of Brazil's greatest living playwrights. He is also an important regional writer doing various novels set in the Northeast of Brazil. He received an honorary doctorate at a ceremony performed at a circus. He is the author of, among other works, the "Auto da Compadecida" and "A Pedra do Reino". He is a staunch defender of the culture of the Northeast, and his works deal with the popular culture of the Northeast.
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Jorge Amado
Jorge Amado was a modernist Brazilian writer. He remains one of the most read and translated Brazilian authors, second only to Paulo Coelho. In his style of fictional novelist, however, there is no parallel in Brazil. His work was further popularized by highly successful film and TV adaptations.
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He was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1961 until his death in 2001. In 1994, his work was recognized with the Camões Prize, the most prestigious award in Portuguese literature.
His literary work presents two distinct phases. In the first, there is a clear social critic and political focus, with works such as Captains of the Sands and Sea of Death standing out.
In his more mature phase, he adopts an aspect of good-humored and sensual -
Carolina Maria de Jesus
Carolina Maria de Jesus was born on March 14, 1914 in Sacramento-MG, where she lived in her childhood and adolescence. Her parents probably migrated from Desemboque to Sacramento as a result of changing the economics of gold mining to farming activities.
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In Sacramento, she attended primary school in a Spiritualist College, which had a mission aimed at poor children of the town, with the help of influential people. Carolina studied just over two years but learned to read and write there. She later remembered reading posters outside movie theaters and realizing that reading was not just something done in school, but a skill that could be used everywhere. All her reading and writing was based on this short time of formal education. She quit sch -
Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, often known as Machado de Assis, Machado, or Bruxo do Cosme Velho, (June 21, 1839, Rio de Janeiro—September 29, 1908, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He is widely regarded as the most important writer of Brazilian literature. However, he did not gain widespread popularity outside Brazil in his own lifetime.
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Machado's works had a great influence on Brazilian literary schools of the late 19th century and 20th century. José Saramago, Carlos Fuentes, Susan Sontag and Harold Bloom are among his admirers and Bloom calls him "the supreme black literary artist to date." -
Gil Vicente
Gil Vicente, called the Trobadour, was a Portuguese playwright and poet who acted in and directed his own plays. Considered the chief dramatist of Portugal he is sometimes called the "Portuguese Plautus" and often referred to as the "Father of Portuguese drama." Vicente worked in Portuguese as much as he worked in Spanish and is thus, with Juan del Encina, considered joint-father of Spanish drama.
Buy books on Amazon
Vicente was attached to the courts of the Portuguese kings Manuel I and John III. He rose to prominence as a playwright largely on account of the influence of Queen Dowager Leonor, who noticed him as he participated in court dramas and subsequently commissioned him to write his first theatrical work.
He may also have been identical to an accomplishe -
Ana Martins Marques
Nasceu em Belo Horizonte, em novembro de 1977. Formada em Letras pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, é mestre em Literatura Brasileira e doutoranda em Literatura Comparada pela mesma universidade. Em 2007, ganhou o Prêmio Cidade de Belo Horizonte, na categoria “Poesia — autor estreante”, e, em 2008, recebeu novamente o mesmo prêmio, na categoria “Poesia”.
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Raul Pompéia
Raul d'Ávila Pompeia (April 12, 1863 — December 25, 1895) was a Brazilian novelist, short story writer and chronicler. He is famous for the Impressionist romance O Ateneu.
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He is patron of the 33rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Pompeia was born in 1863, to Antônio d'Ávila Pompeia and Rosa Teixeira Pompeia. He ingressed in the Colégio Abílio, where he was a good student, and was the editor of school journal O Archote. In 1879, he was transferred to Colégio Pedro II, where he was developed as a orator and wrote his first book, Uma Tragédia no Amazonas.
In 1881 he moves to São Paulo in order to graduate in Law, where he was influenced by the Abolitionist and Republican ideals, and befriended Abolitionist Luís Gama. He wrote for many j -
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo (June 24, 1820 — April 11, 1882) was a Brazilian novelist, medician, teacher, playwright and journalist, famous for the romance A Moreninha.
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He is the patron of the 20th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Joaquim Manuel de Macedo was born in the city of Itaboraí, in 1820, to Severino de Macedo Carvalho and Benigna Catarina da Conceição. Graduated in Medicine in 1844, he started to practice it in the inlands of Rio. In the same year, he published his romance A Moreninha. In 1849, he founded the magazine Guanabara, along with Manuel de Araújo Porto-alegre and Gonçalves Dias. In this magazine, many parts of his poem A Nebulosa were published.
Returning to Rio, he abandoned Medicine and became a teacher of History -
Manuel Antônio de Almeida
Manuel Antônio de Almeida (November 17, 1831 — November 28, 1861) was a Brazilian writer, medician and teacher. He is famous for the book Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, written under the pen name Um Brasileiro (English: A Brazilian). He is the patron of the 28th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
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de Almeida was born in Rio de Janeiro, to lieutenant Antônio de Almeida and Josefina Maria de Almeida. Few things are known about his years of primary studies — although he entered at the Medicine course in 1849, graduating in 1855. Financial difficulties inspired him to dedicate himself to the literature and to the journalism. His magnum opus, Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, was initially published in serial form during the years -
Bernardo Guimarães
Bernardo Joaquim da Silva Guimarães was born in the city of Ouro Preto, in Minas Gerais, to João Joaquim da Silva Guimarães (a poet) and Constança Beatriz de Oliveira Guimarães.
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He graduated himself at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1847, where he befriended the poets Álvares de Azevedo and Aureliano Lessa. With those and others, he founded the "Sociedade Epicureia" ("Epicurean Society") in the same year, and also planned with them an unsuccessful collection of poetry called As Três Liras (in English: The Three Lyres).
In 1852, he became a judge in the city of Catalão, Goiás, a post he held until 1854. He moved to Rio de Janeiro in 1858, and, in the following year, worked as a literary critic in the newspaper Atualid -
Sérgio Rodrigues
Sérgio Rodrigues (Brazil, 1962), fiction writer, literary critic and journalist, is the author of seven books of various genres: novels, short stories and non-fiction.
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Having worked for most major newspapers and magazines in Brazil, Rodrigues is now a full-time writer who keeps two columns – one about literature, the other focused on language issues – in Veja.com, the online version of the largest weekly magazine in Latin America. He was awarded the Prêmio Cultura (Culture Prize) 2011 by the Rio de Janeiro State Government for the whole of his work. He lives in Rio de Janeiro. -
Visconde de Taunay
Viscount of Taunay (Alfredo Maria Adriano d'Escragnolle Taunay), military engineer, professor, politician, historian, novelist, playwright, biographer, ethnologist and memoirist, was born in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, on February 22, 1843, and also died in Rio de Janeiro on January 25, 1899.
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He was the son of Félix Emílio Taunay, Baron de Taunay, and Gabriela de Robert d’Escragnolle. His grandfather, the famous painter Nicolau Antônio Taunay, was one of the heads of the French Artistic Mission of 1818 and his father was one of Pedro II's tutors and for a long time directed the National School of Fine Arts. On his maternal side, he was the grandson of the Count d’Escragnolle, who had emigrated from France due to the contingencies of the Revolution.
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Narcisa Amália
Narcisa Amália de Campos (São João da Barra-RJ, 3 de abril de 1852 — Rio de Janeiro, 24 de julho de 1924) foi tradutora, poeta, escritora, crítica literária, jornalista brasileira e professora.
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Foi a primeira mulher a trabalhar como jornalista profissional no Brasil, além de abolicionista, republicana e feminista. Movida por forte sensibilidade social, combateu a opressão da mulher e o regime escravista.
Segundo Sílvia Paixão, “um dos raros nomes femininos que falam de identidade nacional” e busca sua própria identidade “numa poética uterina que imprime o retorno ao lugar de origem”.
Colaborou na revista A leitura (1894-1896) e, bem a frente de seu tempo, escreveu muitos artigos de cunho feminista e republicano -
Maria Firmina dos Reis
Maria Firmina dos Reis was born in São Luís do Maranhão, on October 11, 1825, "natural daughter" of the freed slave Leonor Felippa dos Reis, having as her grandmother the also freed slave Engrácia Romana da Paixão and, as her uncle, the teacher, grammarian and philologist Sotero dos Reis, belonging to the white branch of the family and with a strong presence in the literate circles of the capital of Maranhão.
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In 1847, she was approved in a public competition for the Chair of Primary Instruction in the village of São José de Guimarães, in the municipality of Viamão, located on the mainland and separated from the capital by São Marcos Bay, as recorded by her biographers Nascimento Morais Filho (1975) and Agenor Gomes (2022).
According to Morais -
José de Santa Rita Durão
José de Santa Rita Durão (1722–1784), orator and poet, could be considered the creator of 'Indianism' in Brazil. His epic poem Caramuru is the first work to treat the native inhabitants of Brazil as its theme. Written in the style of Camões, Caramuru imitates classical poets.
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Durão, who became priest of the Augustinian order, was born near Mariana, Minas Gerais. He was educated at the Jesuit College in Rio de Janeiro until age ten and the following year left for Portugal. There he was awarded a doctorate in theology and philology at the University of Coimbra, in the city of Coimbra, Portugal, where he subsequently became a member of the faculty.
But during the Marquis of Pombal government in Portugal, Durão was persecuted and left Portugal fo -
Murilo Rubião
Murilo Rubião was a Brazilian writer. His entire work consists of short stories, all of them dealing with fantastic themes, which is uncommon among Brazilian writers. He was very obsessive about his work, revising it at every new edition, always changing a few details, like characters names and so on.
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