Nikoloz Baratashvili
Nikoloz "Tato" Baratashvili was a Georgian poet. He was one of the first Georgians to marry a modern nationalism with European Romanticism and to introduce "Europeanism" into Georgian literature. Despite his early death and a tiny literary heritage of fewer than forty short lyrics, one extended poem, and a few private letters, Baratashvili is considered to be the high point of Georgian Romanticism. He was referred as the "Georgian Byron".
Nikoloz Baratashvili, affectionately known as Tato, was born in Tiflis (Tbilisi), Georgia's capital, which was then a principal city of Russian Transcaucasia. His father, Prince Meliton Baratashvili (1795–1860), was an impoverished nobleman working for the Russian administration. His mother, Ephemia Orbeli
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Akaki Tsereteli
Prince Akaki Tsereteli (Georgian: აკაკი წერეთელი; June 9, 1840-January 26, 1915) was a prominent Georgian poet and national liberation movement figure.
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Born in the village of Skhvitori (Imereti region of western Georgia) on June 9, 1840, to a prominent Georgian aristocratic family; his father was Prince Rostom Tsereteli; his mother, Princess Ekaterine, was a daughter of Ivane Abashidze and a great-granddaughter of King Solomon I of Imereti. Following an old family tradition, Akaki Tsereteli spent his childhood years living with a peasant’s family in the village of Savane. He was brought up by peasant nannies, all of which made him feel empathy for the peasants’ life in Georgia.
He graduated from the Kutaisi Gymnasium in 1852 and the Universit -
François Villon
François Villon (in modern French, pronounced [fʁɑ̃swa vijɔ̃]; in fifteenth-century French, [frɑnswɛ viˈlɔn]) (c. 1431 – after 5 January 1463) was a French poet, thief, and vagabond. He is perhaps best known for his Testaments and his Ballade des Pendus, written while in prison. The question "Mais où sont les neiges d'antan?", taken from the "Ballade des dames du temps jadis" and translated by Dante Gabriel Rossetti as "Where are the snows of yesteryear?", is one of the most famous lines of translated secular poetry in the English-speaking world.
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Otar Chiladze
Otar Chiladze (ოთარ ჭილაძე) was a Georgian writer who played a prominent role in the resurrection of the Georgian prose in the post-Stalin era. His novels characteristically fuse Sumerian and Hellenic mythology with the predicaments of a modern Georgian intellectual.
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Chiladze was born in Sighnaghi, a town in Kakheti, the easternmost province of then-Soviet Georgia. He graduated from the Tbilisi State University with a degree in journalism in 1956. His works, primary poetry, first appeared in the 1950s. At the same time, Chiladze engaged in literary journalism, working for leading magazines in Tbilisi. He gained popularity with his series of lengthy, atmospheric novels, such as A Man Was Going Down the Road (1972–3), "Everyone That Findeth Me -
Giorgi Merchule
Giorgi Merchule (Georgian: გიორგი მერჩულე) was a 10th-century Georgian monk, calligrapher and writer who authored "The Vita of Grigol Khandzteli", a hagiographic novel dealing with the life of the prominent Georgian churchman St. Grigol Khandzteli (Gregory of Khandzta) (759-861).
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Giorgi was a monk at the Georgian Orthodox monastery of Khandzta in Tao in what is now north-east Turkey. "Merchule" is not the surname of the author but rather an epithet loosely translated as "specialist in canon law" or perhaps "theologian" as posited by the Georgian literary scholar Pavle Ingoroqva. Giorgi's wide knowledge of contemporary canon and patristic literature is indeed evidenced by his work.
"The Vita of Grigol Khandzteli" was composed by Merchule in 95 -
Tracy Chevalier
Born:
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19 October 1962 in Washington, DC. Youngest of 3 children. Father was a photographer for The Washington Post.
Childhood:
Nerdy. Spent a lot of time lying on my bed reading. Favorite authors back then: Laura Ingalls Wilder, Madeleine L’Engle, Zilpha Keatley Snyder, Joan Aiken, Susan Cooper, Lloyd Alexander. Book I would have taken to a desert island: Anne of Green Gables by L.M. Montgomery.
Education:
BA in English, Oberlin College, Ohio, 1984. No one was surprised that I went there; I was made for such a progressive, liberal place.
MA in creative writing, University of East Anglia, Norwich, England, 1994. There’s a lot of debate about whether or not you can be taught to write. Why doesn’t anyone ask that of professional singers, painters, d -
Yukio Mishima
Yukio Mishima (三島 由紀夫) was born in Tokyo in 1925. He graduated from Tokyo Imperial University’s School of Jurisprudence in 1947. His first published book, The Forest in Full Bloom, appeared in 1944 and he established himself as a major author with Confessions of a Mask (1949). From then until his death he continued to publish novels, short stories, and plays each year. His crowning achievement, the Sea of Fertility tetralogy—which contains the novels Spring Snow (1969), Runaway Horses (1969), The Temple of Dawn (1970), and The Decay of the Angel (1971)—is considered one of the definitive works of twentieth-century Japanese fiction. In 1970, at the age of forty-five and the day after completing the last novel in the Fertility series, Mishima
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Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani
Sulkhan Orbeliani was born into a prestigious dynasty of the Georgian nobility, with close ties to the Royal Bagrationi Dynasty. He was a great figure of the Renaissance; he was a remarkable fabulist, great lexicographer, translator, diplomat and scientist. The words of one of the French missioner Jean Richard brilliantly conform to his great authority among his contemporaries, “I believe him to be the father of all Georgia."
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Sulkhan Saba Orbeliani was born on the 4th of November, 1658, in Village Tandzia near Bolnisi in the Kvemo Kartli. He spent his childhood and adolescence there. He was brought up at court of King Giorgi XI and got encyclopedic education due to the Great Palace Library. When he was 20–25 years old he wrote a collection o -
Hermann Hesse
Many works, including Siddhartha (1922) and Steppenwolf (1927), of German-born Swiss writer Hermann Hesse concern the struggle of the individual to find wholeness and meaning in life; he won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1946.
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Other best-known works of this poet, novelist, and painter include The Glass Bead Game , which, also known as Magister Ludi, explore a search of an individual for spirituality outside society.
In his time, Hesse was a popular and influential author in the German-speaking world; worldwide fame only came later. Young Germans desiring a different and more "natural" way of life at the time of great economic and technological progress in the country, received enthusiastically Peter Camenzind , first great -
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was a Georgian classical writer of the 20th century and a famous public benefactor, Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences (GAS), Ph.D. of the Berlin University, and Laureate of the Shota Rustaveli State Prize of Georgia.
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Konstantine Gamsakhurdia was born in 1893, in the town of Abasha (Samegrelo, region of Western Georgia). His father was Prince Svimon Gamsakhurdia. In 1911 Konstantine graduated from the Georgian Gymnasium of Kutaisi (Western Georgia) and in 1918 from the Berlin University (Germany).
In 1918 Gamsakhurdia became a member of the Board of the Constituent Society of the Tbilisi State University (TSU) and from 1920 - 1924 served as the Associate Professor of German literature at the same Universi -
Guram Dochanashvili
Guram Dochanashvili (Georgian: გურამ დოჩანაშვილი) (born March 26, 1939) was a Georgian prose writer, a historian by profession, who has been popular for his short stories since the 1970s.
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Dochanashvili was born in Tbilisi, the capital of then-Soviet Georgia. Having graduated from the Tbilisi State University in 1962, he worked for the Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography, and participated in several archaeological expeditions from 1962 to 1975. He then managed the prose section of the literary magazine Mnatobi from 1975 to 1985. Since 1985, he has been a director-in-chief of the Gruziya-film studio.
Dochanashvili debuted as a writer in 1961. He was immediately noted for his rejection of the Soviet literary dogmas of Social Realis -
Jemal Karchkhadze
Jemal Karchkhadze (Georgian: ჯემალ ქარჩხაძე; 1936–1998) was a Georgian writer. He is the author of six novels, some short stories and essays. His works are conceptual and gained popularity after his death. His novel Antonio and David (ანტონიო და დავითი, 1987) was published in Swedish in 2013 and in Arabic in 2014.
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Jemal Karchkhadze was born in 1936 in the village of Ukhuti in Vani in western Georgia. He graduated in 1960 with a degree in Georgian language and literature at Tbilisi State University. His short story Igi (იგი) was published in 1977. This was followed by his most important novels The Caravan (ქარავანი, 1984), Antonio and David (ანტონიო და დავითი, 1987) and Zebulon (ზებულონი, 1988). He died in 1998 in Tbilisi.
Jemal Karchkhadze wa -
Akaki Tsereteli
Prince Akaki Tsereteli (Georgian: აკაკი წერეთელი; June 9, 1840-January 26, 1915) was a prominent Georgian poet and national liberation movement figure.
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Born in the village of Skhvitori (Imereti region of western Georgia) on June 9, 1840, to a prominent Georgian aristocratic family; his father was Prince Rostom Tsereteli; his mother, Princess Ekaterine, was a daughter of Ivane Abashidze and a great-granddaughter of King Solomon I of Imereti. Following an old family tradition, Akaki Tsereteli spent his childhood years living with a peasant’s family in the village of Savane. He was brought up by peasant nannies, all of which made him feel empathy for the peasants’ life in Georgia.
He graduated from the Kutaisi Gymnasium in 1852 and the Universit -
Shota Rustaveli
Shota Rustaveli (Georgian: შოთა რუსთაველი) (born approx. c. 1160 – died after c. 1220), was a Georgian poet of the 12th century, and one of the greatest contributors to Georgian literature. He is author of "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" (ვეფხისტყაოსანი, Vepkhistkaosani), the Georgian national epic poem.
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Little, if anything, is known about Rustaveli from contemporary sources. His poem itself, namely the prologue, provides a clue to his identity: the poet identifies himself as "a certain Rustveli." "Rustveli" is not a surname, but a territorial epithet which can be interpreted as "of/from/holder of Rustavi." Later Georgian authors of the 15th–18th centuries are more informative: they are almost unanimous in identifying him as Shota Rustave -
Vazha-Pshavela
Vazha-Pshavela (Georgian: ვაჟა-ფშაველა, July 26, 1861 – July 10, 1915) is the pen-name of the Georgian poet and writer Luka Razikashvili , a classic of the new Georgian literature.
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Vazha-Pshavela was born in a small village Chargali (Pshavi mountainous province in Eastern Georgia) in a family of clergyman. He graduated from the Pedagogical Seminary in Gori 1882, where he became close to Georgian populists (narodniki). Then 1883 entered Law Department of St. Petersburg University (Russia) as a non-credit student, but returned to Georgia in 1884 due to financial restraints. Worked as a teacher of Georgian language. He was also a famous representative of a National-Liberation movement of Georgia.
Vazha-Pshavela started his literature activities -
Ilia Chavchavadze
Ilia Chavchavadze (Georgian: ილია ჭავჭავაძე; 8 November 1837 – 12 September 1907) was a Georgian writer, poet, journalist, lawyer, politicial and public figure who spearheaded the revival of the Georgian national movement in the second half of the 19th century, during the Russian rule of Georgia. Today he is widely regarded as one of the founding fathers of modern Georgia. In 1987 he was canonized as Saint Ilia the Righteous (წმინდა ილია მართალი) by the Georgian Orthodox Church. Today, Georgians revere Chavchavadze as Pater Patriae (Father of the Fatherland) of Georgia.
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Inspired by the contemporary liberal movements in Europe, as a writer and a public figure, Ilia Chavchavadze directed much of his efforts toward awakening national ideals in -
Niko Lortkipanidze
მწერალი და საზოგადო მოღვაწე. 1907-08 წლებში გერმანულის მასწავლებლად მუშაობდა თბილისის სათავადაზნაურო გიმნაზიაში, ეწეოდა პუბლიცისტურ და საგამომცემლო საქმიანობას. იყო გაზეთ „ერის“ რედაქტორი, რომელიც რუსეთის ხელისუფლებამ დახურა ეროვნული პოზიციის გამო.1910-11 წლებში მისი რედაქტორობით გამოდიოდა ყოველკვირეული ჟურნალი „ცხოვრება და ლიტერატურა“. 1917 წლიდან მუშაობდა ეროვნულ-დემოკრატიული პარტიის გაზეთ „სამშობლოს“ პასუხისმგებელ მდივნად, მოგვიანებით კი ამავე გაზეთის რედაქტორი გახდა.საქართველოში საბჭოთა ხელისუფლების დამყარების შემდეგ ქუთაისში ნიკო ლორთქიფანიძის რედაქტორობით გამოდიოდა ლიტერატურული ალმანახი „კრებული“.
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Iakob Tsurtaveli
Jacob of Tsurtavi (Georgian: იაკობ ცურტაველი, Iakob Tsurtaveli) also known as Jacob the Priest (იაკობ ხუცესი, Iakob Khutsesi) was the 5th-century Georgian religious writer and priest from Tsurtavi, then the major town of Gogarene and the Lower Iberia.
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A personal priest of Saint Shushanik and an eyewitness of her martyrdom at the hand of her spouse, bidaxae Varsken, Jacob compiled her life in his hagiographic novel the Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik, the oldest surviving work of the Georgian literature written between 476 and 483. Except for scarce information obtained from his work, nothing more is known about Jacob’s life. -
David Kldiashvili
David Kldiashvili (Georgian: დავით კლდიაშვილი, Davit' Kldiašvili) (August 29, 1862 – April 24, 1931) was a Georgian prose-writer whose novels and plays are concentrated on the degeneration of the country’s gentry and the miseries of the peasantry, boldly exposing the antagonisms of Georgian society.
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Born to an impoverished petite noble family in the province of Imereti, Georgia (then part of the Russian Empire), he was educated at the military schools of Kiev and Moscow (1880-1882). Returning to Georgia, he joined the Russian army. While serving in Batumi, he was close to the local intelligentsia and engaged in cultural activities. Deemed to be a non-reliable officer, he was forced to resign as a non-reliable officer during the Russian Revol -
Giorgi Merchule
Giorgi Merchule (Georgian: გიორგი მერჩულე) was a 10th-century Georgian monk, calligrapher and writer who authored "The Vita of Grigol Khandzteli", a hagiographic novel dealing with the life of the prominent Georgian churchman St. Grigol Khandzteli (Gregory of Khandzta) (759-861).
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Giorgi was a monk at the Georgian Orthodox monastery of Khandzta in Tao in what is now north-east Turkey. "Merchule" is not the surname of the author but rather an epithet loosely translated as "specialist in canon law" or perhaps "theologian" as posited by the Georgian literary scholar Pavle Ingoroqva. Giorgi's wide knowledge of contemporary canon and patristic literature is indeed evidenced by his work.
"The Vita of Grigol Khandzteli" was composed by Merchule in 95 -
Davit Guramishvili
Prince Davit Guramishvili (Georgian: დავით გურამიშვილი) was a Georgian poet who wrote the finest pieces of pre-Romantic Georgian literature. His poetic talents thrived far from his motherland, being forced by personal misfortunes and turmoil in Georgia to spend several years in the Russian military service until his retirement to his small Ukrainian estate at Myrhorod where he made eighty-seven years of his tragic and turbulent life into one cycle of autobiographical poetry, the Davitiani, which he sent to Georgia through a Georgian embassy returning from the Russian empire in 1787.
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Μαρία Ιορδανίδου
Maria Iordanidou
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Γεννήθηκε στην Κωνσταντινούπολη το 1897 και έζησε τα παιδικά της χρόνια στον Πειραιά και το Βατούμ της Ρωσίας. Φοίτησε σε ρωσικό γυμνάσιο, στη Σταυρούπολη, όπου τη βρήκε η Οκτωβριανή Επανάσταση. Το 1919 γύρισε στην Κωνσταντινούπολη και λίγο αργότερα πήγε στην Αλεξάνδρεια, όπου παντρεύτηκε τον Ιορδάνη Ιορδανίδη. Το 1923 επέστρεψαν μαζί στην Αθήνα, αλλά σύντομα ο Ιορδανίδης έφυγε.
Εξαιτίας των συνθηκών της ζωής της, η Ιορδανίδου απέκτησε μεγάλη γλωσσομάθεια και εργάστηκε ως ιδιωτική υπάλληλος. Έγινε γνωστή στο λογοτεχνικό χώρο με το έργο Λωξάντρα, που έγραψε σε ηλικία 65 χρονών, το 1962, και γνώρισε πολλές επανεκδόσεις. Η Λωξάντρα περιγράφει με μεγάλη ζωντάνια και χιούμορ τα έθιμα και τη ζωή των Ελλήνων της Πόλης και βασίζεται -
Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani
Sulkhan Orbeliani was born into a prestigious dynasty of the Georgian nobility, with close ties to the Royal Bagrationi Dynasty. He was a great figure of the Renaissance; he was a remarkable fabulist, great lexicographer, translator, diplomat and scientist. The words of one of the French missioner Jean Richard brilliantly conform to his great authority among his contemporaries, “I believe him to be the father of all Georgia."
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Sulkhan Saba Orbeliani was born on the 4th of November, 1658, in Village Tandzia near Bolnisi in the Kvemo Kartli. He spent his childhood and adolescence there. He was brought up at court of King Giorgi XI and got encyclopedic education due to the Great Palace Library. When he was 20–25 years old he wrote a collection o -
Davit Guramishvili
Prince Davit Guramishvili (Georgian: დავით გურამიშვილი) was a Georgian poet who wrote the finest pieces of pre-Romantic Georgian literature. His poetic talents thrived far from his motherland, being forced by personal misfortunes and turmoil in Georgia to spend several years in the Russian military service until his retirement to his small Ukrainian estate at Myrhorod where he made eighty-seven years of his tragic and turbulent life into one cycle of autobiographical poetry, the Davitiani, which he sent to Georgia through a Georgian embassy returning from the Russian empire in 1787.
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