Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

Kemal Atatürk, originally Mustafa Kemal led and founded modern Turkey, in 1919 organized the nationalist party, established a rival government to the Ottoman sultan, and after a civil war served from 1923 as president of the republic.

Ali Riza, a customs official, turned lumber merchant, fathered Mustafa, and died during his boyhood. Zubeyde, his mother, a devout and strong-willed woman, reared him and his sister. People first enrolled him in a traditional religious school, but he quickly switched. In 1893, he entered a military high school, where his mathematics teacher gave the second name Kemal, meaning perfection, to young Mustafa in recognition of superior achievement. People thereafter knew him as Mustafa Kemal.

From the academy in Ist

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