Azra Erhat
4 Haziran 1915’te İstanbul-Şişli’de doğdu. İlk ve ortaöğrenimini Belçika’da yaptı. 1939’da Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi’ni bitirerek Klasik Filoloji Bölümünde asistan olarak göreve başladı. 1946’da doçent oldu. 1948’de aynı fakültedeki öğretim üyeleri Pertev Naili Boratav, Behice Boran, Adnan Cemgil, Niyazi Berkes’le birlikte üniversiteden uzaklaştırıldı. 1949-1950 arasında Yeni İstanbul ve Vatan gazetelerinde çalışti. Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütünde (ILO) kütüphanecilik yaptı.
İlk çevirileri Tercüme dergisinde çıktı. Sofokles, Aristofanes gibi yazarların eserlerini Türkçeye kazandırdı. Yeni Ufuklar dergisinin yazarlarından biri olan Erhat, bu dergi çevresinde gelişen hümanist anlayışın öncüleri arasında yer aldı. Batı
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Irvin D. Yalom
Irvin David Yalom, M.D., is an author of fiction and nonfiction, Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry at Stanford University, an existentialist, and accomplished psychotherapist.
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Born in a Jewish family in Washington DC in 1931, he grew up in a poor ethnic area. Avoiding the perils of his neighborhood, he spent most of his childhood indoors, reading books. After graduating with a BA from George Washington University in 1952 and as a Doctor of Medicine from Boston University School of Medicine in 1956 he went on to complete his internship at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York and his residency at the Phipps Clinic of Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore and completed his training in 1960. After two years of Army service at Tripler General Hospital i -
İhsan Oktay Anar
Türk yazardır. Lisans, master ve doktora eğitimini Ege Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü'nde yaptı. Aynı okulda öğretim üyeliğinden emekli olmuştur.
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Her bir kitabının çok uzun araştırmalardan sonra yazıldığı içerdikleri ağır tarihi bilgi ile göze çarpar. Eserleri pek çok küçük hikâye etrafında örülmüş büyük bir roman biçimindedir.
Yazın biçim göndermeler içerir. Kabaca birkaç örnek vermek gerekirse Amat'taki İsrafil adlı çocuğun gemi borazancısı olup diriliş düdüğünü çalışı islamiyette kıyamet haberi olan borazanı çalacak meleğe, alt ambar toprak altına ve mezara göndermeler ya da modellemelerdir. Bu üslup okuyucuyu hem yetiştirir, hem geliştirir. Umberto Eco bu biçimde gelişen okuru ampirik okurdan ayırmaktadır. Her gerçek yazar aslında bu tip inc -
Vigdis Hjorth
Vigdis Hjorth (born 1959) is a Norwegian novelist. She grew up in Oslo, and has studied philosophy, literature and political science.
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In 1983, she published her first novel, the children's book "Pelle-Ragnar i den gule gården" for which she received Norsk kulturråd's debut award. Her first book for an adult audience was "Drama med Hilde" (1987). "Om bare" from 2001 is considered her most important novel, and a roman à clef.
Hjorth has three children and lives in Asker. -
Fakir Baykurt
Asıl adı Tahir olan Fakir Baykurt 1929 yılında Burdur’da doğdu. 1948’de Gönen Köy Enstitüsü’nü bitirdikten sonra köy öğretmeni olarak çalışan yazar, 1955’te Gazi Eğitim Enstitüsü’ndeki eğitimini tamamladıktan sonra Sivas, Hafik ve Şavşat’ta Türkçe öğretmenliği yaptı. Demokrat Parti yönetimi tarafından öğretmenlikten alınarak pasif bir göreve getirildi.
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1958’de Cumhuriyet gazetesinde yayımlanan ilk romanı Yılanların Öcü nedeniyle hakkında kovuşturma açıldı. 1960 yılındaki askeri müdahalenin ardından ilköğretim müfettişliğine getirildi.
1962-63 yıllarında ABD Bloomington Indiana Üniversitesi’nde ders araçları konusunda uzmanlık eğitimi gören Baykurt, Türkiye Öğretmenler Sendikası’nın (TÖS) ve Türkiye Öğretmenler Dernekleri Milli Federasyonu’n -
Kemal Tahir
15 Nisan 1910’da İstanbul’da doğdu. 21 Nisan 1973’te İstanbul’da yaşamını yitirdi. Asıl ismi Kemal Tahir Demir. Deniz yüzbaşı olan babası, Sultan II. Abdulhamid’in yaverlerinden. Babasının görevleri nedeniyle ilk eğitimini Türkiye’nin çeşitli yerlerinde tamamladı. 1923’te İstanbul Kasımpaşa’daki Cezayirli Hasan Paşa Rüştiyesi’nde mezun oldu. Galatasaray Lisesi’nde 10’uncu sınıftayken öğrenimini yarıda bıraktı. Avukat katipliği, Zonguldak Kömür İşletmeleri’nde ambar memurluğu yaptı. İstanbul’da Vakit, Haber, Son Posta gazetelerinde düzeltmenlik, röportaj yazarlığı, çevirmenlik yaptı. Yedigün, Karikatür dergilerinde sayfa sekreteri oldu. Karagöz gazetesinde başyazarlık, Tan gazetesinde yazı işleri müdürlüğü yaptı. 1938’de Nâzım Hikmet’le bera
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Nikos Kazantzakis
(Greek: Νίκος Καζαντζάκης)
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Nikos Kazantzakis was a Greek writer, journalist, politician, poet and philosopher. Widely considered a giant of modern Greek literature, he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in nine different years, and remains the most translated Greek author worldwide. -
Édouard Louis
Édouard Louis is a French writer born October 30, 1992. Édouard Louis, born Eddy Bellegueule, grew up in Hallencourt (Somme) before entering theater class at the Lycée Madeleine Michelis in Amiens. From 2008 to 2010 he was a delegate of the Amiens Academy to the National Council for High School Life, then studied history at the University of Picardy.
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From 2011, he is pursuing sociology studies at the ENS in the rue d'Ulm. In 2013, he obtained a name change and became Édouard Louis.
The same year, he directed the collective work Pierre Bourdieu. Insubordination as a legacy to the PUF, a work in which Bourdieu's influence on critical thinking and on emancipation policies is analyzed. In March 2014, he announced that he would direct a collection -
Mîna Urgan
Mîna Urgan, İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi’nden emekli oldu. Thomas Malory, Henry Fielding, Balzac, Aldous Huxley, Graham Greene, William Golding, John Galsworthy ve Shakespeare’den çeviriler yaptı. Elizabeth Çağı Tiyatrosunda Soytarılar, Sir Thomas More ve Ütopya, Shakespeare üstüne iki ciltlik bir inceleme, Shakespeare ve Hamlet (1984) ile beş ciltlik İngiliz Edebiyatı Tarihi (1986-93) yanında, Virginia Woolf (YKY, 1995) ve D.H. Lawrence (YKY, 1997) incelemeleri yayımlandı. Bir Dinozorun Anıları’ndan (1998) sonra yazdığı Bir Dinozorun Gezileri de Yapı Kredi Yayınları arasından çıktı (1999). Ülkemizde “İngiliz edebiyatının duayeni” olan Prof. Dr. Mîna Urgan, 15 Haziran 2000’de 85 yaşında İstanbul’da öldü.
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Dante Alighieri
Dante Alighieri, or simply Dante (May 14/June 13 1265 – September 13/14, 1321), is one of the greatest poets in the Italian language; with the comic story-teller, Boccaccio, and the poet, Petrarch, he forms the classic trio of Italian authors. Dante Alighieri was born in the city-state Florence in 1265. He first saw the woman, or rather the child, who was to become the poetic love of his life when he was almost nine years old and she was some months younger. In fact, Beatrice married another man, Simone di' Bardi, and died when Dante was 25, so their relationship existed almost entirely in Dante's imagination, but she nonetheless plays an extremely important role in his poetry. Dante attributed all the heavenly virtues to her soul and imagi
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Reşat Nuri Güntekin
Reşat Nuri Güntekin (Istanbul, 25 November 1889 - London, 13 December 1956) was a Turkish novelist, storywriter and playwright. His novel, Çalıkuşu ("The Wren", 1922) is about the destiny of a young Turkish female teacher in Anatolia; the movie was filmed on this book in 1966, and remade as TV series in 1986. His narrative has a detailed and precise style, with a realistic tone. His other significant novels include Yeşil Gece ("Green Night") and Yaprak Dökümü ("The Fall Of Leaves")
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Biography
His father was a major in the army. Reşat Nuri attended primary school in Çanakkale, the Çanakkale Secondary School and the İzmir School of Freres. He graduated from Istanbul University, Faculty of Literature in 1912. He worked as a teacher and administra -
Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar
Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (23 June 1901 - 24 January 1962) was one of the most important modern novelists and essayists of Turkish literature. He was also a member of the Turkish parliament (the Grand National Assembly of Turkey) between 1942 and 1946.
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Tanpınar was born in Istanbul on 23 June 1901. His father was a judge, Hüseyin Fikri Efendi. Hüseyin Fikri Efendi was Georgian from Maçahel. Tanpınar's mother died at Mosul, when Tanpınar was thirteen. Because his father's vocation required frequent relocation, Tanpınar continued his education in several different cities, including Istanbul, Sinop, Siirt, Kirkuk, and Antalya. After quitting veterinary college, he resumed his educational career at the Faculty of Literature at Istanbul University, wh -
Ayşe Kulin
Ayşe Kulin is a Turkish contemporary novelist and columnist.
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Kulin graduated in literature from the American College for Girls in Arnavutköy. She released a collection of short stories titled Güneşe Dön Yüzünü in 1984. A short story from this called Gülizar was made into a film titled Kırık Bebek in 1986, for which she won a screenplay award from the Turkish culture ministry. Kulin worked as a screen writer, cinematographer and producer for many films, television series and advertisements. In 1986, she won the Best Cinematographer Award from the Theatre Writers association for her work in the television series Ayaşlı ve Kiracıları.
In 1996, she wrote a biography of Münir Nureddin Selçuk titled Bir Tatlı Huzur. With a short story called Foto S -
Pınar Kür
Yazar. Bursa'da doğdu. Tam adı Havva Pınar Kür. Yazar İsmet Kür'ün kızıdır. İlk ve orta okulu Ankara'da , liseyi New York'ta okudu. Üniversiteye New York'ta başladı ve İstanbul'da Robert Kolej'in yüksek kısmında tamamladı. Fransa'da Sorbonne Üniversitesinde 'Yirminci Yüzyıl Tiyatrosunda Gerçekçilik ve Yanılsama: Pirandello, O'neill ve Etkileri' teziyle doktorasını verdi. Ankara'da Devlet Tiyatrolarında dramaturg olarak çalıştı (1971-1973). Bilgi Üniversitesinde ders verdi. Gazeteci Can Kolukısa ile bir süre evli kaldı.
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Hikâyeleri 1971'den itibaren dergilerde yayınlanmaya başladı. Müstehcenlik yüzünden tenkide uğradı. -
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Kemal Atatürk, originally Mustafa Kemal led and founded modern Turkey, in 1919 organized the nationalist party, established a rival government to the Ottoman sultan, and after a civil war served from 1923 as president of the republic.
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Ali Riza, a customs official, turned lumber merchant, fathered Mustafa, and died during his boyhood. Zubeyde, his mother, a devout and strong-willed woman, reared him and his sister. People first enrolled him in a traditional religious school, but he quickly switched. In 1893, he entered a military high school, where his mathematics teacher gave the second name Kemal, meaning perfection, to young Mustafa in recognition of superior achievement. People thereafter knew him as Mustafa Kemal.
From the academy in Ist -
Ahmet Ümit
Ahmet Ümit was born in 1960 in the city of Gaziantep in southern Turkey. He moved to Istanbul in 1978 to attend university. In 1983 he both graduated from the Public Administration Faculty of Marmara University and wrote his very first story. An active member of the Turkish Communist Party from 1974 until 1989 Ümit took part in the underground movement for democracy while Turkey was under the rule of a
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military dictatorship between 1980-1990. In 1985-86 he illegally attended the Academy for Social Sciences in Moscow. Ümit worked in the advertising sector from 1989-1998 and is currently employed as cultural advisor at the Goethe Foundation in Istanbul. He has one daughter Gül. Since 1989 Ümit has published one volume of poetry three volumes o -
Yusuf Atılgan
Yusuf Atılgan (27 June 1921, Manisa - 9 October 1989, İstanbul) was a Turkish novelist and dramatist, who is best known for his novels Aylak Adam (The Loiterer) and Anayurt Oteli (Motherland Hotel). He is one of the pioneers of the modern Turkish novel.
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Atılgan is considered as one of the pioneers of the modern Turkish novel. His novels had a psychological style, digging into themes such as loneliness, questioning, meaning of life.
Atılgan finished middle school in Manisa, then high school in Balıkesir. He graduated in Turkish language and literature from İstanbul University. He finished his thesis titled Tokatlı Kani: Sanat, şahsiyet ve psikoloji under supervision of Nihat Tarlan. Atılgan then began teaching literature at Maltepe Askeri Lise -
Nikolai Gogol
People consider that Russian writer Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (Николай Васильевич Гоголь) founded realism in Russian literature. His works include The Overcoat (1842) and Dead Souls (1842).
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Ukrainian birth, heritage, and upbringing of Gogol influenced many of his written works among the most beloved in the tradition of Russian-language literature. Most critics see Gogol as the first Russian realist. His biting satire, comic realism, and descriptions of Russian provincials and petty bureaucrats influenced later Russian masters Leo Tolstoy, Ivan Turgenev, and especially Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Gogol wittily said many later Russian maxims.
Gogol first used the techniques of surrealism and the grotesque in his works The Nose , Viy , -
Chingiz Aitmatov
Chinghiz Aitmatov (Чингиз Айтматов, Tschingis Aitmatow, Čingiz Ajtmatov, Tšõngõz Ajtmatov, Cengiz Aytmatov, Tsjingiz Ajtmatov, Tchinguiz Aïtmatov, جنكيز ايتماتوف) was an author who wrote in both Russian and Kyrgyz. He was the best known figure in Kyrgyzstan literature.
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Aitmatov's parents were civil servants in Sheker. The name Chingiz is the same as the honorary title of Genghis Khan. In early childhood he wandered as a nomad with his family, as the Kyrgyzstan people did at the time. In 1937 his father was charged with "bourgeois nationalism" in Moscow, arrested and executed in 1938.
Aitmatov lived at a time when Kyrgyzstan was being transformed from one of the most remote lands of the Russian Empire to a republic of the USSR. The future aut -
José Mauro de Vasconcelos
José Mauro was born in Rio de Janeiro on February 26 of 1920. His family was very poor, and when he was still very young, he migrated to Natal where relatives took care of him. Entering the Medical Faculty, José abandoned the course of studies in his second year and returned to Rio de Janeiro.[citation needed] There he worked as a boxing instructor and even as a painter's model.
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José iniciated his literature with the novel Banana Brava. His greatest success was his novel Meu Pé de Laranja Lima, that tells about his own personal experiences and the shocks he suffered in his childhood with the abrupt changes of life.
José was part Indian and part Portuguese. He passed his childhood in Natal. When he was 9 years old, he learned to swim, and with -
Michael Ende
Michael Andreas Helmuth Ende was a German writer of fantasy and children's literature. He was the son of the surrealist painter Edgar Ende.
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Ende was one of the most popular and famous German authors of the 20th century, mostly due to the enormous success of his children's books. However, Ende was not strictly a children’s author, as he also wrote books for adults. Ende claimed, "It is for this child in me, and in all of us, that I tell my stories," and that "[my books are] for any child between 80 and 8 years" (qtd. Senick 95, 97). Ende’s writing could be described as a surreal mixture of reality and fantasy. The reader is often invited to take a more interactive role in the story, and the worlds in his books often mirror our reality, using -
Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer was born in the city of Danzig (then part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth; present day Gdańsk, Poland) and was a German philosopher best known for his work The World as Will and Representation. Schopenhauer attempted to make his career as an academic by correcting and expanding Immanuel Kant's philosophy concerning the way in which we experience the world.
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He was the son of author Johanna Schopenhauer and the older brother of Adele Schopenhauer. -
Alberto Manguel
Alberto Manguel (born 1948 in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine-born writer, translator, and editor. He is the author of numerous non-fiction books such as The Dictionary of Imaginary Places (co-written with Gianni Guadalupi in 1980) and A History of Reading (1996) The Library at Night (2007) and Homer's Iliad and Odyssey: A Biography (2008), and novels such as News From a Foreign Country Came (1991).
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Manguel believes in the central importance of the book in societies of the written word where, in recent times, the intellectual act has lost most of its prestige. Libraries (the reservoirs of collective memory) should be our essential symbol, not banks. Humans can be defined as reading animals, come into the world to decipher it and themselves. -
Sophocles
Sophocles (497/496 BC-406/405 BC), (Greek: Σοφοκλής ; German: Sophokles , Russian: Софокл , French: Sophocle ) was an ancient Greek tragedian, known as one of three from whom at least one play has survived in full. His first plays were written later than, or contemporary with, those of Aeschylus; and earlier than, or contemporary with, those of Euripides. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays, but only seven have survived in a complete form: Ajax, Antigone, Women of Trachis, Oedipus Rex, Electra, Philoctetes, and Oedipus at Colonus. For almost fifty years, Sophocles was the most celebrated playwright in the dramatic competitions of the city-state of Athens which took place during the religious festivals of the Lenaea and the Dionysia
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Aeschylus
Greek Αισχύλος , Esquilo in Spanish, Eschyle in French, Eschilo in Italian, Эсхил in Russian.
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Aeschylus (c. 525/524 BC – c. 456 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian often described as the father of tragedy. Academic knowledge of the genre begins with his work, and understanding of earlier Greek tragedy is largely based on inferences made from reading his surviving plays. According to Aristotle, he expanded the number of characters in the theatre and allowed conflict among them. Formerly, characters interacted only with the chorus.
Only seven of Aeschylus's estimated 70 to 90 plays have survived. There is a long-standing debate regarding the authorship of one of them, Prometheus Bound, with some scholars arguing that it may be the work o -
Euripides
Euripides (Greek: Ευριπίδης) (ca. 480 BC–406 BC) was a tragedian of classical Athens. Along with Aeschylus and Sophocles, he is one of the three ancient Greek tragedians for whom any plays have survived in full. Some ancient scholars attributed ninety-five plays to him, but the Suda says it was ninety-two at most. Of these, eighteen or nineteen have survived more or less complete (Rhesus is suspect). There are many fragments (some substantial) of most of his other plays. More of his plays have survived intact than those of Aeschylus and Sophocles together, partly because his popularity grew as theirs declined—he became, in the Hellenistic Age, a cornerstone of ancient literary education, along with Homer, Demosthenes, and Menander.
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Eur -
Homer
Homer (Greek: Όμηρος born c. 8th century BC) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the most revered and influential authors in history.
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Homer's Iliad centers on a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles during the last year of the Trojan War. The Odyssey chronicles the ten-year journey of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, back to his home after the fall of Troy. The poems are in Homeric Greek, also known as Epic Greek, a literary language which shows a mixture of features of the Ionic and Aeolic dialects from different centuries; the predominant influence is Eastern Ionic. Most researchers believe -
Pierre Clastres
Pierre Clastres, (1934-1977), was a French anthropologist and ethnographer. He is best known for his fieldwork among the Guayaki in Paraguay and his theory on stateless societies. Some people regard him as giving scientific validity to certain anarchist perspectives.[1]
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In his most famous work, Society Against the State (1974), Clastres indeed criticizes both the evolutionist notion that the state would be the ultimate destiny of all societies, and the Rousseauian notion of man's natural state of innocence (the myth of the noble savage). Knowledge of power is innate in any society, thus the natural state for humans wanting to preserve autonomy is a society structured by a complex set of customs which actively avert the rise of despotic power