José Ingenieros

José Ingenieros was an Argentinian physician, pharmaceutic, positivist philosopher and essayist. He was born Giuseppe Ingegneri in Palermo (Italy), and graduated from the University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine in 1900.

Ingenieros wrote a very important philosophical and social thought, "El hombre mediocre" (The Mediocre Man), in 1913. He founded the Buenos Aires Institute of Criminology in 1907 and the Argentine Psychological Society in 1908; and was elected President of the Argentine Medical Association in 1909.

Ingenieros married Eva Rutenberg, from Lausanne, in 1914. Appointed Assistant Dean of the School of Philosophy and Letters of his alma mater, he played a prominent role in the landmark University reform in Argentina, in 1918.

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Hermann Hesse

Many works, including Siddhartha (1922) and Steppenwolf (1927), of German-born Swiss writer Hermann Hesse concern the struggle of the individual to find wholeness and meaning in life; he won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1946.

Other best-known works of this poet, novelist, and painter include The Glass Bead Game , which, also known as Magister Ludi, explore a search of an individual for spirituality outside society.

In his time, Hesse was a popular and influential author in the German-speaking world; worldwide fame only came later. Young Germans desiring a different and more "natural" way of life at the time of great economic and technological progress in the country, received enthusiastically Peter Camenzind , first great
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Marcus Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (often referred to as "the wise") was Emperor of the Roman Empire from 161 to his death in 180. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the more important Stoic philosophers. His two decades as emperor were marked by near continual warfare. He was faced with a series of invasions from German tribes, and by conflicts with the Parthian Empire in the east. His reign also had to deal with an internal revolt in the east, led by Avidius Cassius.

Marcus Aurelius' work Meditations, written in Greek while on campaign between 170 and 180, is still revered as a literary monument to a government of service and duty and has been praised for its "exquisite accent and its infinite tender
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Niccolò Machiavelli

The Prince , book of Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian political theorist, in
1513 describes an indifferent ruler to moral considerations with determination to achieve and to maintain power.

Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, a philosopher, musician, and poet, wrote plays. He figured centrally in component of the Renaissance, and people most widely know his realist treatises on the one hand and republicanism of Discourses on Livy .

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%...
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Karl Marx

With the help of Friedrich Engels, German philosopher and revolutionary Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto (1848) and Das Kapital (1867-1894), works, which explain historical development in terms of the interaction of contradictory economic forces, form many regimes, and profoundly influenced the social sciences.

German social theorist Friedrich Engels collaborated with Karl Marx on The Communist Manifesto in 1848 and on numerous other works.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin in London opposed Communism of Karl Marx with his antithetical anarchy.

Works of Jacques Martin Barzun include Darwin, Marx, Wagner (1941).

The Prussian kingdom introduced a prohibition on Jews, practicing law; in response, a man converted to Protestantism
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Michel Foucault

Paul-Michel Foucault was a French philosopher, historian of ideas, writer, political activist, and literary critic. Foucault's theories primarily address the relationships between power and knowledge, and how they are used as a form of social control through societal institutions. Though often cited as a structuralist and postmodernist, Foucault rejected these labels. His thought has influenced academics, especially those working in communication studies, anthropology, psychology, sociology, criminology, cultural studies, literary theory, feminism, Marxism and critical theory.
Born in Poitiers, France, into an upper-middle-class family, Foucault was educated at the Lycée Henri-IV, at the École Normale Supérieure, where he developed an intere
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Nicolás Márquez

Escritor y abogado argentino, Nicolás Márquez nació en Ramos Mejía el 22 de abril de 1975. Estudió en la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata y también en la Universidad FASTA. De ideología ultraconservadora, Márquez ha colaborado con artículos de opinión en medios como Infobae y Prensa Republicana, que fundó y dirigió. En 2006 publicó La mentira oficial, donde aborda la época del terrorismo de Estado en Argentina desde una perspectiva anticomunista. Márquez también ha publicado obras como El libro negro de la nueva izquierda, Cuando el relato es una farsa —ambos junto a Agustín Laje—, La máquina de matar o Perón. El fetiche de las masas.' to ' De ideología ultraconservadora nazi, Márquez ha colaborado con artículos de opinión en medios co
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Agustín Laje

Agustín Laje was born in the city of Córdoba (Argentina) on January 16, 1989. From a very young age, he became interested in political ideas, becoming a columnist for important national media at the age of 18. He is the author of the books Los mitos setentistas (2011), Cuando el relato es una Farsa (2013), and his latest work El libro negro de la Nueva Izquierda (2016), co-authored with Nicolás Márquez. He earned his Bachelor's degree in Political Science from the Catholic University of Córdoba. Additionally, he studied counterterrorism and combating organized crime at the Center of Hemispheric Defense Studies, National Defense University in Washington DC. In 2020, he received a master's degree in philosophy from the University of Navarra.
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Mario Bunge

Mario Augusto Bunge fue un físico, filósofo, epistemólogo y humanista argentino; Bunge por encima de todo fue un filósofo materialista, defensor del realismo científico y de la filosofía exacta. Fue conocido por expresar públicamente su postura contraria a las pseudociencias, entre las que incluye al psicoanálisis, la praxeología, la homeopatía, la microeconomía neoclásica (u ortodoxa) entre otras, además de sus críticas contra corrientes filosóficas como el existencialismo (y, especialmente, la obra de Martin Heidegger), la fenomenología, el posmodernismo, la hermenéutica, y el feminismo filosófico.
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