Vasile Alecsandri
Vasile Alecsandri (Romanian pronunciation: [vaˈsile aleksanˈdri]) was a Romanian poet, playwright, politician, and diplomat. He collected Romanian folk songs and was one of the principal animators of the 19th century movement for Romanian cultural identity and union of Moldavia and Wallachia.
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Lucian Blaga
Lucian Blaga was a Romanian philosopher, poet, and playwright. He was a commanding personality of the Romanian culture of the inter-bellum period. He was a philosopher and writer higly acclaimed for his originality, a university professor and a diplomat.
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Mircea Eliade
Romanian-born historian of religion, fiction writer, philosopher, professor at the University of Chicago, and one of the pre-eminent interpreters of world religion in the last century. Eliade was an intensely prolific author of fiction and non-fiction alike, publishing over 1,300 pieces over 60 years. He earned international fame with LE MYTHE DE L'ÉTERNAL RETOUR (1949, The Myth of the Eternal Return), an interpretation of religious symbols and imagery. Eliade was much interested in the world of the unconscious. The central theme in his novels was erotic love.
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Marin Sorescu
In 1964 the Romanian Communist government relaxed its censorship policies, signaling a new openness to free expression. The nation's poets heeded that signal, and Romanian poetry experienced a striking revival. Poet and playwright Marin Sorescu is perhaps one of the most popular figures to emerge from Romanian literary culture in the years since.
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Sorescu writes in a plainspoken, down-to-earth style spiced with sly humor. He responds to the hardships of Romanian life not with grand rhetoric or fire-and-brimstone sermons, but with what translator Michael Hamburger describes as "ironic verse fables," as quoted by Dennis Deletant in the Times Literary Supplement. Virgil Nemoianu, also writing in the Times Literary Supplement, comments that "[So -
Mihail Sadoveanu
Mihail Sadoveanu was a Romanian novelist, short story writer, journalist and political figure, who twice served as acting head of state for the communist republic (1947–1948 and 1958). He is the most prolific novelist in Romanian literature and one of the most accomplished. All his major work, however, was written before the political changes in Romania following World War II. Although Sadoveanu remained a productive author after the war, like many other writers in communist countries, he had to adjust his aesthetic to meet the demands of the communist regime, and he wrote little of artistic value between 1945 and his death in 1961.
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Sadoveanu was born on 5 November 1880 in Pascani, a small town in Moldavia, to Alexandru and Profira (Ursachi) -
Camil Petrescu
Camil Petrescu was a Romanian playwright, novelist, poet and philosopher. He marked the end of the traditional novel era and laid the foundation of the modern novel era in Romanian literature.
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Liviu Rebreanu
Liviu Rebreanu was a Romanian novelist, playwright, short story writer, and journalist.
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Born in Târlişua (currently Bistriţa-Năsăud County), Transylvania, then part of Austria-Hungary, he was the second of thirteen children born to Vasile Rebreanu, a schoolteacher, and Ludovica Diuganu, descendants of peasants. His father had been a classmate of George Coşbuc's and was an amateur folklorist. Liviu Rebreanu went to primary school in Maieru (where he was taught by his father), and then in Năsăud and Bistriţa, to military school at Sopron and then to the military academy in Budapest. He worked as an officer in Gyula but resigned in 1908, and in 1909 illegally crossed the Transylvanian Alps into Romania, and lived in Bucharest.
He joined several -
Mihai Eminescu
Mihai Eminescu (Romanian pronunciation: [miˈhaj emiˈnesku]; born Mihail Eminovici) was a Romantic poet, novelist and journalist, often regarded as the most famous and influential Romanian poet.
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Eminescu was an active member of the Junimea literary society and he worked as an editor for the newspaper Timpul ("The Time"), the official newspaper of the Conservative Party (1880–1918).
His first poems volume was published when he was 16 and he went to Vienna to study when he was 19. The poet's manuscripts, containing 46 volumes and approximately 14,000 pages, were offered by Titu Maiorescu as a gift to the Romanian Academy during the meeting that was held on January 25, 1902.
Notable works include Luceafărul (Evening Star), Odă în metru antic (Ode -
Ion Creangă
Ion Creangă was a Moldavian-born Romanian writer, raconteur and schoolteacher. A main figure in 19th century Romanian literature, he is best known for his Childhood Memories volume, his novellas and short stories, and his many anecdotes.
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Creangă's main contribution to fantasy and children's literature includes narratives structured around eponymous protagonists (Povestea lui Harap Alb, Ivan Turbincă, Dănilă Prepeleac), as well as fairy tales indebted to conventional forms (Povestea porcului, Capra cu trei iezi, Soacra cu trei nurori).
Like Swift or Mark Twain, Creangă is more than a story-teller for children or simply a humorist. His work is a human and social document of the ways of thinking and the life of a Romanian village in the ninetee -
Lucian Blaga
Lucian Blaga was a Romanian philosopher, poet, and playwright. He was a commanding personality of the Romanian culture of the inter-bellum period. He was a philosopher and writer higly acclaimed for his originality, a university professor and a diplomat.
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Ion Luca Caragiale
Ion Luca Caragiale was a Wallachian-born Romanian playwright, short story writer, poet, theater manager, political commentator and journalist. Leaving behind an important cultural legacy, he is considered one of the greatest playwrights in Romanian language and literature, as well as one of its most important writers and a leading representative of local humor. Alongside Mihai Eminescu, Ioan Slavici and Ion Creangă, he is seen as one of the main representatives of Junimea, an influential literary society with which he nonetheless parted during the second half of his life.
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His work, spanning four decades, covers the ground between Neoclassicism, Realism, and Naturalism, building on an original synthesis of foreign and local influences.
Althou -
Ioan Slavici
Ioan Slavici was a Transylvanian-born Romanian writer and journalist. He made his debut in Convorbiri literare ("Literary Conversations") (1871), with the comedy Fata de birău ("The Mayor's Daughter"). Alongside Eminescu he founded the Young Romania Social and Literary Academic Society and organized, in 1871, the Putna Celebration of the Romanian Students from Romania and from abroad. At the end of 1874, he settled in Bucharest, where he became secretary of the Hurmuzachi Collection Committee, then he became a professor, and then an editor of the newspaper Timpul ("The Time"). Alongside I. L. Caragiale and G. Coşbuc, he edited the Vatra ("The Heath") review. During the first World War, he collaborated at the newspapers Ziua ("Daytime") and
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Nicolae Filimon
Born in Bucharest as the son of an Eastern Orthodox parish priest of the Enei Church, Filimon was a cantor and an autodidact. According to Ion Ghica's Letters, he was briefly employed by theater companies after his father's death in 1830, singing in a theater choir and playing the flute.
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In late 1857, Filimon made his literary debut with pieces written for the Naţionalul newspaper. During the following year, he travelled to the German Confederation, and published his account as Excursiuni în Germania meridională ("Voyages to Southern Germany"), which also included the Romanticist novellas Mănăstirea domenicanilor după colina Fiesole (later known as Mateo Cipriani) and O baroneasă de poronceală. His experience and relative success as a journa -
Constantin Negruzzi
Constantin (Costache) Negruzzi (n. 1808, satul Hermeziu, judeţul Iaşi – d. 24 august 1868) a fost un om politic şi scriitor român din perioada paşoptistă.
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Născut în Trifeştii Vechi (astăzi Hermeziu), din apropierea Prutului, lângă Iaşi, este fiul lui Dinu Negruzzi, de origine răzăşească, ajuns boiernaş în rang de paharnic, şi al Sofiei Hermeziu. Şi-a început învăţătura în greaca cu unul din dascălii greci mai cu renume pe atunci în Iaşi, iar româneşte învăţă singur dintr-o carte a lui Petru Maior, precum însuşi mărturiseşte într-un articol intitulat Cum am învăţat româneşte, foarte interesant pentru detaliile pe care le dă asupra metodelor întrebuinţate de profesorii din acea vreme.
Izbucnind revoluţia din 1821, a fugit în Basarabia cu tatăl -
George Călinescu
George Călinescu (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈd͡ʒe̯ord͡ʒe kəliˈnesku]) was a Romanian literary critic, historian, novelist, academician and journalist, and a writer of classicist and humanist tendencies.
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He is currently considered one of the most important Romanian literary critics of all time, alongside Titu Maiorescu and Eugen Lovinescu, and is one of the outstanding figures of Romanian literature in the 20th century. -
Nicolae Filimon
Born in Bucharest as the son of an Eastern Orthodox parish priest of the Enei Church, Filimon was a cantor and an autodidact. According to Ion Ghica's Letters, he was briefly employed by theater companies after his father's death in 1830, singing in a theater choir and playing the flute.
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In late 1857, Filimon made his literary debut with pieces written for the Naţionalul newspaper. During the following year, he travelled to the German Confederation, and published his account as Excursiuni în Germania meridională ("Voyages to Southern Germany"), which also included the Romanticist novellas Mănăstirea domenicanilor după colina Fiesole (later known as Mateo Cipriani) and O baroneasă de poronceală. His experience and relative success as a journa -
Constantin Negruzzi
Constantin (Costache) Negruzzi (n. 1808, satul Hermeziu, judeţul Iaşi – d. 24 august 1868) a fost un om politic şi scriitor român din perioada paşoptistă.
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Născut în Trifeştii Vechi (astăzi Hermeziu), din apropierea Prutului, lângă Iaşi, este fiul lui Dinu Negruzzi, de origine răzăşească, ajuns boiernaş în rang de paharnic, şi al Sofiei Hermeziu. Şi-a început învăţătura în greaca cu unul din dascălii greci mai cu renume pe atunci în Iaşi, iar româneşte învăţă singur dintr-o carte a lui Petru Maior, precum însuşi mărturiseşte într-un articol intitulat Cum am învăţat româneşte, foarte interesant pentru detaliile pe care le dă asupra metodelor întrebuinţate de profesorii din acea vreme.
Izbucnind revoluţia din 1821, a fugit în Basarabia cu tatăl -
Victor Ion Popa
Victor Ion Popa a fost un om de teatru și literat polivalent care a adus, prin opera sa dramatică, regizorală și pedagogică, o contribuție însemnată la evoluția teatrului românesc dintre cele două războaie mondiale.
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Piesele sale alternează între tabloul idilic care face să dispară contradicțiile realității și drama sumbră, cu referire de critică socială, cu final ce alunecă spre tragic. Pentru tematică se refugiază în lumea burgheză, sătească, viața pitorească, sau în liniștea târgului patriarhal. Victor Ion Popa a considerat că piesele sale au nevoie de cultivarea tradiției patriarhale, respectiv de combatarea arivismului și a prostiei.