Tirso de Molina
Sus padres eran humildes sirvientes del Conde de Molina de Herrera. Luis Vázquez, en su «Gabriel Téllez nació en 1579. Nuevos hallazgos documentales», en Homenaje a Tirso, L. Vázquez, ed., Madrid: Revista Estudios, 1981, pp. 19–36, documenta que nació en 1579. Blanca de los Ríos sostuvo que Gabriel fue hijo natural del Duque de Osuna, alegando una partida de nacimiento prácticamente ilegible y hace nacer a Tirso en 1584. Pero esa tesis carece de fundamento y hoy está completamente desacreditada, ya que de ser cierta Tirso habría necesitado dispensa papal para entrar en la Orden de la Merced. Además, el Duque de Osuna era entonces muy viejo y se encontraba acreditado en Nápoles. Por otra parte, ninguno de sus enemigos contemporáneos le achac
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Lope de Vega
Lope de Vega was a Spanish Baroque playwright and poet. His reputation in the world of Spanish letters is second only to that of Cervantes, while the sheer volume of his literary output is unequaled: he is estimated to have written up to 1,500 three-act plays – of which some 425 have survived until the modern day – together with a plethora of shorter dramatic and poetic works.
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José de Espronceda
José Ignacio Javier Oriol Encarnación de Espronceda y Delgado fue un poeta español de la época del Romanticismo, considerado como el más destacado poeta romántico español.
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Nació en Almendralejo en la Provincia de Badajoz en 1808. Estudió en el colegio de San Mateo de Madrid, donde tuvo como profesor a Alberto Lista, a quien siguió en el colegio fundado por el mismo. A los quince años creó con sus amigos Ventura de la Vega, y Patricio de la Escosura una sociedad secreta a la que llamaron los Numantinos (1823-1825), según decían, para vengar la muerte de Rafael del Riego. En 1823 funda junto a otros alumnos de Alberto Lista la academia del Mirto, para continuar con las enseñanzas del clausurado colegio que Lista fundara (colegio libre de San M -
Jorge Manrique
Jorge Manrique (c. 1440 – 1479) was a major Spanish poet, whose main work, the Coplas a la muerte de su padre (Stanzas about the Death of his Father), is still read today. He was a supporter of the great Spanish queen, Isabel I of Castile, and actively participated on her side in the civil war that broke out against her half-brother, Enrique IV, when the latter attempted to make his daughter, Juana, crown princess. Jorge died in 1479 during an attempt to take the castle of Garcimuñoz, defended by Marquis of Villena (a staunch enemy of Isabel), after Isabel gained the crown.
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Manrique was a great-nephew of Iñigo López de Mendoza (marquess of Santillana), a descendant of Pero López de Ayala, chancellor of Castile, and a nephew of Gómez Manrique -
José Zorrilla
Dramaturgo y poeta español que fue una de las figuras más destacadas del romanticismo. Nació en Valladolid y estudió en las universidades de Toledo y Valladolid. Escritor enormemente prolífico, publicó cuarenta obras, en su mayoría historias nacionales, entre 1839 y 1849. También completó los Cantos del trovador (1840-1841), una serie de leyendas españolas escritas en verso. En 1850 se trasladó a Francia y en 1855 a México. De regreso a España, en 1866, comprobó que pese a la extraordinaria popularidad que había alcanzado su obra no podía cobrar derechos de autor. Vivió en la pobreza hasta que finalmente obtuvo una pequeña pensión del Gobierno. En 1889 fue nombrado poeta laureado de España. El genio de Zorrilla como poeta de su tiempo se ad
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Leandro Fernández de Moratín
Moratín was born in Madrid the son of Nicolás Fernández de Moratín, a major literary reformer in Spain from 1762 until his death in 1780.
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Distrusting the teaching offered in Spain's universities at the time, Leandro grew up in the rich literary environment of his father and became an admirer of Enlightenment thought. In addition to translating works of Molière and William Shakespeare into Spanish, he himself was a major poet, dramatist and man of letters whose writings promoted the reformist ideas associated with the Spanish Enlightenment. Early in his career, he was supported by statesman and author Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos, who, in 1787, arranged for him to study for a year in Paris. In 1792, the Spanish government provided the funds f -
Hernán Cortés
Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, 1st Marquess of the Valley of Oaxaca (1485–1547) was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish explorers and conquistadors who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
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Julia de Burgos
Julia de Burgos (February 17, 1914 – July 6, 1953) is considered by many as the greatest poet to have been born in Puerto Rico, and along with Gabriela Mistral, is considered as one of the greatest poets of Latin America. She was also an advocate for the independence of Puerto Rico and an ardent civil rights activist for women and African/Afro-Caribbean writers.
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Antonio Machado
Antonio Machado was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98, a group of novelists, poets, essayists, and philosophers active in Spain at the time of the Spanish-American War (1898).
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Tomás Rivera
Tomás Rivera (December 22, 1935 – May 16, 1984) was a Chicano author, poet, and educator. He was born in Texas to migrant farm workers, and had to work in the fields as a young boy. However, he achieved social mobility through education—gaining a degree at Southwest Texas State University (now known as Texas State University), and later a PhD at the University of Oklahoma—and came to believe strongly in the virtues of education for Mexican Americans.
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As an author, Rivera is best remembered for his 1971 Faulknerian stream-of-consciousness novella ...y no se lo tragó la tierra, translated into English variously as This Migrant Earth and as ...and the Earth Did Not Devour Him. This book won the first Premio Quinto Sol award.[1]
Rivera taught in -
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo was born in the medieval centre of Bilbao, Basque Country, the son of Félix de Unamuno and Salomé Jugo. As a young man, he was interested in the Basque language, and competed for a teaching position in the Instituto de Bilbao, against Sabino Arana. The contest was finally won by the Basque scholar Resurrección María de Azcue.
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Unamuno worked in all major genres: the essay, the novel, poetry and theatre, and, as a modernist, contributed greatly to dissolving the boundaries between genres. There is some debate as to whether Unamuno was in fact a member of the Generation of '98 (an ex post facto literary group of Spanish intellectuals and philosophers that was the creation of José Martínez Ruiz — a group that includes An -
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra
Miguel de Cervantes y Cortinas, later Saavedra was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. His novel Don Quixote is often considered his magnum opus, as well as the first modern novel.
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It is assumed that Miguel de Cervantes was born in Alcalá de Henares. His father was Rodrigo de Cervantes, a surgeon of cordoban descent. Little is known of his mother Leonor de Cortinas, except that she was a native of Arganda del Rey.
In 1569, Cervantes moved to Italy, where he served as a valet to Giulio Acquaviva, a wealthy priest who was elevated to cardinal the next year. By then, Cervantes had enlisted as a soldier in a Spanish Navy infantry regiment and continued his military life until 1575, when he was captured by Algerian corsairs. He was then rele -
Richard Wagner
Germanic legends often based romantic operas of especially known composer Richard Wagner, who worked Tannhäuser (1845) and the tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen (1853-1876).
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From 1872, Richard Wagner lived at Bayreuth to 1883 and designed the opera house, used chiefly for performances of his works.
Works of Jacques Martin Barzun include Darwin, Marx, Wagner (1941).
Wilhelm Richard Wagner conducted, directed theater, and authored essays, primarily for his later called "music dramas." Unlike most other greats, Wagner wrote the scenario and libretto.
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Lorenzo Da Ponte
Lorenzo Da Ponte (10 March 1749 – 17 August 1838) was a Venetian opera librettist and poet. He wrote the librettos for 28 operas by 11 composers, including three of Mozart's greatest operas, Don Giovanni, The Marriage of Figaro and Così fan tutte.
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Luis de Góngora y Argote
Luis de Góngora y Argote (11 July 1561 – 24 May 1627) was a Spanish Baroque lyric poet. Góngora and his lifelong rival, Francisco de Quevedo, are widely considered to be the most prominent Spanish poets of their age. His style is characterized by what was called culteranismo, also known as Gongorism (Gongorismo). This style existed in stark contrast to Quevedo's Conceptismo.
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Antonio de Capmany y de Montpalau
Antoni de Capmany de Montpalau i de Surís (1742-1813) fou un historiador, filòleg i polític català. Un retrat seu forma part de la Galeria de Catalans Il·lustres de l'Ajuntament de Barcelona.
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Jesús G. Maestro
Profesor de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, ha desarrollado su labor investigadora y docente en universidades españolas. Artífice del Materialismo Filosófico como Teoría de la Literatura, en su obra en 3 vols. (3.136 págs.) titulada Crítica de la Razón Literaria. El Materialismo Filosófico como Teoría, Crítica y Dialéctica de la Literatura (2017), en la que se aplica a la investigación literaria el Materialismo Filosófico, sistema de pensamiento creado por el filósofo Gustavo Bueno.
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Clorinda Matto de Turner
Nació el 11 de noviembre de 1852 en Cusco, Perú. Fue una importante escritora peruana, precursora de la novela hispanoamericana y del género indigenista. Vivió con su esposo, Joseph Turner, en el pueblo andino llamado Tinta, donde presenció la explotación de la población indígena en la colecta de lana. Esto sería tema principal de su primera novela «Aves sin nido», publicada en 1889. Antes de esta, en 1876, fundó el periódico «El Recreo», su primera vez como directora y redactora, y el mismo año en que se publicó la novela comienza su trabajo como directora de la revista literaria «El Perú Ilustrado». La publicación de la novela le gana la excomulgación por parte de la Iglesia Católica y sus alianzas políticas la obligan a dejar Perú en 190
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Juan Ruiz
Juan Ruiz (ca. 1283 – ca. 1350), known as the Archpriest of Hita (Arcipreste de Hita), was a medieval Spanish poet. He is best known for his ribald, earthy poem, Libro de buen amor (The Book of Good Love). He was born either in Alcalá de Henares, or perhaps Alcalá la Real, a village of Jaén, then part of al-Andalus, or Muslim Spain. Little is known about him today, save that he was a cleric and probably studied in Toledo. Though his birth name is known to be Juan Ruiz, he is widely referred to by his title of "Archpriest of Hita."
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Francisco de Quevedo
Francisco Gómez de Quevedo y Santibáñez Villegas was a nobleman, politician and writer of the Spanish Golden Age. His style is categorized by what was called conceptismo, characterized by a rapid rhythm, directness, simple vocabulary, witty metaphors, and wordplay.
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Andrei Codrescu
Andrei Codrescu is a poet, novelist, essayist, and NPR commentator. His many books include Whatever Gets You through the Night, The Postmodern Dada Guide, and The Poetry Lesson. He was Mac Curdy Distinguished Professor of English at Louisiana State University from 1984 until his retirement in 2009.
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Pedro Muñoz Seca
Dramaturgo español. Practicó la abogacía y fue profesor particular, pero su verdadero oficio fue el de autor teatral. Máximo representante del teatro humorístico de principios del siglo XX, sus obras gozan aún de una gran popularidad. Su habilidad para versificar y para los juegos de palabras, junto a la distorsión grotesca de la realidad que presentaba en sus piezas, crearon el llamado "astracán", una variante del género chico.
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Aunque por su falta de autocrítica es considerado un autor menor, y a pesar de que sus obras halagaron en exceso a los sectores conservadores, lo cierto es que su teatro cosechó un éxito popular rotundo, hasta el punto que se hizo costumbre aprender de memoria fragmentos de sus estrenos, especialmente de La venganza -
Pedro Calderón de la Barca
Pedro Calderón de la Barca y Henao was a dramatist of the Spanish Golden Age.
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Calderón initiated what has been called the second cycle of Spanish Golden Age theatre. Whereas his predecessor, Lope de Vega, pioneered the dramatic forms and genres of Spanish Golden Age theatre, Calderón polished and perfected them. Whereas Lope's strength lay in the sponteneity and naturalness of his work, Calderón's strength lay in his capacity for poetic beauty, dramatic structure and philosophical depth. Calderón was a perfectionist who often revisited and reworked his plays, even long after they debuted. This perfectionism was not just limited to his own work: many of his plays rework existing plays or scenes by other dramatists, improving their depth, comp -
Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda
Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda y Arteaga (pen name La Peregrina) came from a noble background; her father, Manuel Gómez de Avellaneda, was a descendent of the royal family of Navarre and aristocracy of Vizcaya of Spain, and also a commander of the Spanish navy in charge of the central regions of Cuba. Her mother, Francisca de Arteaga y Betancourt, was also from a wealthy Spanish family that had lived in Puerto Príncipe. It is said that her mother’s family is the one that inspired the family in her first novel, Sab.
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At the age of nine, her father died and her mother remarried ten months later to don Isidoro de Escalada, who was also a Spanish officer in Cuba. At 22, in 1836, she left Cuba with her family for A Coruña, Spain. Soon after, she an -
Gonzalo Torrente Ballester
Although primarily a novelist, he also published journalism, essays, and plays. His career as a writer began in Oviedo, but developed largely in Madrid.
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After moving around frequently in the later 1920s and early 1930s, including a period in Paris, he returned to Spain and linked himself to Franco's Falange party in order to save his own life and that of his family. His first novel, Javier Mariño, appeared in 1943, and he continued to publish novels almost until his death, receiving major prizes for some of them.
Despite his affiliation to the Falangists, Torrente Ballester always promoted relatively leftist ideas, and from 1939, when he returned to Santiago to take up a university post, he increasingly distanced himself from the party. He jo -
Catalina de Erauso
From the introduction to Lieutenant Nun by translator Michele Stepto: "She gives 1585 as the year of her birth, though records in San Sebastian indicate she was baptized in 1592. * * * Sometime between 1626 and 1630 -- that is, between the visit to Naples, which concludes her memoir, and her return to the Americas--she wrote down in manuscript or dictated to an amanuensis an account of her life. * * * A 'Relación' of Catalina's final years, published in Mexico in 1653, places her death in 1650 in Orizava, on the road to Veracruz."
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J.V. Foix
J.V. Foix (1893-1987). Neix a Sarrià. Comença la carrera de dret, però l'abandona per la seva vocació literària. El 1917, Joaquim Folguera l'incorpora a La Revista, i l'any següent és director de Trossos, que havia fundat J. M. Junoy.
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El 1927 publica Gertrudis i el 1932 KRTU, dos llibres de prosa poemàtica que formen part integrant d'un extens diari que Foix data el 1918. Quan La Publicitat és catalanista, en dirigeix la secció literària i hi col·labora diàriament amb el pseudònim Focius.
Després d'un llarg període de silenci, l'any 1947 apareix la seva primera obra poètica Sol, i de dol, que havia estat impresa el 1936. Foix combina la tradició humanística catalana amb els corrents literaris més nous, que adapta amb una originalitat singul -
Nancy Morejón
Nancy Morejón (Havana, 1944- ) is a Cuban poet, critic, essayist.
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She graduated with honors at the University of Havana, having studied Caribbean and French Literature, and she is fluent in French and English. She later taught French. She is a well-regarded translator of French and English into Spanish, particularly Caribbean writers, including Edouard Glissant, Jacques Roumain and Aimé Césaire, René Depestre. Her own poetry has been translated into English, German, French, Portuguese, Gallego, Russian, Macedonian, and others. She is as of 2013 director of Revista Union, journal of the UNEAC, Union of Writers and Artists; in 2008 she was elected president of the writer's section of Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba (UNEAC).
She has produ -
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
Spanish colonial administrator Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca explored parts of present-day Florida, Texas, and Mexico and aroused interest in the region with his vivid stories of opportunities.
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In the New World, he and three other persons survived the expedition of Pánfilo de Narváez of 1527. During eight years of traveling across the southwest, he traded and encountered and in faith healed various Native American tribes before he reconnected with forces in 1536. After returning in 1537, he wrote an account, first published in 1542 as La Relación ("The Relation", or in more modern terms "The Account"), retitled Naufragios ("Shipwrecks") in later editions. People ably consider and note Cabeza de Vaca as a proto-anthropologist for his detail -
Ramón Gómez de la Serna
Ramón Gómez de la Serna y Puig (July 3, 1888, Madrid - January 13, 1963, Buenos Aires) was a Spanish writer, dramatist and avant-garde agitator. He was especially known for "Greguerías" - a short form of poetry that roughly corresponds to the one-liner in comedy. The Gregueria is especially able to grant a new and often humorous perspective.He strongly influenced surrealist film maker Luis Buñuel.
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He was a partner of Carmen de Burgos
Gómez de la Serna published over 90 works in all literary genres. In 1933, he was invited to Buenos Aires. He stayed there during the Spanish Civil War and the following Franco regime and died there.