Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
Sérgio Buarque de Holanda was an important Brazilian writer, journalist, historian and member of the Academia Paulista de Letras.
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Florestan Fernandes
sociologist and politician.
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He came from a poor family with his mother being a "washerwoman." In youth he took a series of odd jobs and had an erratic education until he attended the university in 1941. In 1945 he graduated and by 1964 was a full professor in sociology. In that same year he won the Prêmio Jabuti. In 1969 he fled to Canada for political reasons and began to teach at the University of Toronto. In 1973 he returned to Brazil and became involved in the Partido dos Trabalhadores. At 75 he died of an embolism. -
Vilém Flusser
Vilém Flusser was a philosopher born in Czechoslovakia. He lived for a long period in Brazil and later in France, and his works are written in several different languages.
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His early work was marked by discussion of the thought of Martin Heidegger, and by the influence of existentialism and phenomenology. Phenomenology would play a major role in the transition to the later phase of his work, in which he turned his attention to the philosophy of communication and of artistic production. He contributed to the dichotomy in history: the period of image worship, and period of text worship, with deviations consequently into idolatry and "textolatry".
Flusser was born in 1920 in Prague into a family of Jewish intellectuals. His father, Gustav Flusser -
Darcy Ribeiro
Darcy Ribeiro (Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, October 26, 1922 – Brasilia, DF, Brazil, February 17, 1997) was a Brazilian anthropologist, author and politician. Darcy Ribeiro's ideas of Latin American identity have influenced several later scholars of Latin American studies. As Minister of Education of Brazil he caried out profound reforms which led him to be invited to participate in university reforms in Chile, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico and Uruguay after leaving Brazil due to the 1964 coup d'état.
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Darcy Ribeiro was the son of Reginaldo Ribeiro dos Santos and of Josefina Augusta da Silveira. He completed his primary and secondary education in the town of his birth, Montes Claros, at the Grupo Escolar Gonçalves Chaves and at the Ginásio -
Alexis de Tocqueville
Alexis Charles Henri Clérel, comte de Tocqueville, usually known as just Tocqueville, was a French aristocrat, diplomat, sociologist, political scientist, political philosopher, and historian. He is best known for his works Democracy in America (appearing in two volumes, 1835 and 1840) and The Old Regime and the Revolution (1856). In both, he analyzed the living standards and social conditions of individuals as well as their relationship to the market and state in Western societies. Democracy in America was published after Tocqueville's travels in the United States and is today considered an early work of sociology and political science.
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Tocqueville was active in French politics, first under the July Monarchy (1830–1848) and then during the -
Milan Kundera
Milan Kundera (1 April 1929 – 11 July 2023) was a Czech and French novelist. He went into exile in France in 1975, acquiring citizenship in 1981. His Czechoslovak citizenship was revoked in 1979, but he was granted Czech citizenship in 2019.
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Kundera wrote in Czech and French. He revises the French translations of all his books; people therefore consider these original works as not translations. He is best known for his novels, including The Joke (1967), The Book of Laughter and Forgetting (1979), and The Unbearable Lightness of Being (1984), all of which exhibit his extreme though often comical skepticism. -
Virginia Woolf
(Adeline) Virginia Woolf was an English novelist and essayist regarded as one of the foremost modernist literary figures of the twentieth century.
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During the interwar period, Woolf was a significant figure in London literary society and a member of the Bloomsbury Group. Her most famous works include the novels Mrs. Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927), and Orlando (1928), and the book-length essay A Room of One's Own (1929) with its famous dictum, "a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction." -
Rick Riordan
Rick Riordan is the #1 New York Times bestselling author of many books, including the Percy Jackson series.
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Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, often known as Machado de Assis, Machado, or Bruxo do Cosme Velho, (June 21, 1839, Rio de Janeiro—September 29, 1908, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He is widely regarded as the most important writer of Brazilian literature. However, he did not gain widespread popularity outside Brazil in his own lifetime.
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Machado's works had a great influence on Brazilian literary schools of the late 19th century and 20th century. José Saramago, Carlos Fuentes, Susan Sontag and Harold Bloom are among his admirers and Bloom calls him "the supreme black literary artist to date." -
Claude Lévi-Strauss
Claude Lévi-Strauss was a French anthropologist, well-known for his development of structural anthropology. He was born in Belgium to French parents who were living in Brussels at the time, but he grew up in Paris. His father was an artist, and a member of an intellectual French Jewish family. Lévi-Strauss studied at the University of Paris. From 1935-9 he was Professor at the University of Sao Paulo making several expeditions to central Brazil. Between 1942-1945 he was Professor at the New School for Social Research. In 1950 he became Director of Studies at the Ecole Practique des Hautes Etudes. In 1959 Lévi-Strauss assumed the Chair of Social Anthroplogy at the College de France. His books include The Raw and the Cooked, The Savage Mind,
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Chico Buarque
Francisco Buarque de Hollanda is popularly known as Chico Buarque, is a singer, guitarist, composer, dramatist, writer and poet. He is best known for his music, which often includes social, economic and cultural commentary on Brazil and Rio de Janeiro in particular.
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Son of the academic Sérgio Buarque de Hollanda, Buarque lived in several locations throughout his childhood, though mostly in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Italy. He wrote and studied literature as a child and came to music through the bossa nova compositions of João Gilberto. He performed music throughout the 1960s as well as writing a play that was deemed dangerous by the Brazilian military dictatorship of the time. Buarque, along with several of his fellow musicians, were thre -
Elena Ferrante
Elena Ferrante is a pseudonymous Italian novelist. Ferrante's books, originally published in Italian, have been translated into many languages. Her four-book series of Neapolitan Novels are her most widely known works.
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Jorge Amado
Jorge Amado was a modernist Brazilian writer. He remains one of the most read and translated Brazilian authors, second only to Paulo Coelho. In his style of fictional novelist, however, there is no parallel in Brazil. His work was further popularized by highly successful film and TV adaptations.
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He was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1961 until his death in 2001. In 1994, his work was recognized with the Camões Prize, the most prestigious award in Portuguese literature.
His literary work presents two distinct phases. In the first, there is a clear social critic and political focus, with works such as Captains of the Sands and Sea of Death standing out.
In his more mature phase, he adopts an aspect of good-humored and sensual -
Annie Ernaux
The author of some twenty works of fiction and memoir, Annie Ernaux is considered by many to be France’s most important writer. In 2022, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. She has also won the Prix Renaudot for A Man's Place and the Marguerite Yourcenar Prize for her body of work. More recently she received the International Strega Prize, the Prix Formentor, the French-American Translation Prize, and the Warwick Prize for Women in Translation for The Years, which was also shortlisted for the Man Booker International Prize in 2019. Her other works include Exteriors, A Girl's Story, A Woman's Story, The Possession, Simple Passion, Happening, I Remain in Darkness, Shame, A Frozen Woman, and A Man's Place.
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Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos was widely considered one of the most important Brazilian authors of the 20th century. He was a seminal voice in the literary "regionalism" movement.
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As a child Ramos lived in many cities of Northeastern Brazil, stricken by poverty and severe weather conditions (droughts). After high-school, Graciliano went to Rio de Janeiro where he worked as a journalist. In 1915 he traveled to Palmeira dos Indios, state of Alagoas, to live with his father and in 1927 he was elected mayor.
In 1933 he published his first book, Caetés. A few years later he was jailed by the Getúlio Vargas government, on a charge that was never made clear. His experiences in jail would become a unique personal deposition, Memórias do Cárcere.
Graciliano died in -
Charles Dickens
Charles John Huffam Dickens (1812-1870) was a writer and social critic who created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era. His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime, and by the twentieth century critics and scholars had recognised him as a literary genius. His novels and short stories enjoy lasting popularity.
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Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a debtors' prison. Despite his lack of formal education, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five novellas, hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaign -
Gilberto Freyre
Gilberto de Mello Freyre (Melo Freire, in the standard orthography; Mello Freyre is archaic and proscribed by law; March 15, 1900 – July 18, 1987) was a Brazilian sociologist, anthropologist, historian, writer and congressman. His best-known work is a sociological treatise named Casa-Grande & Senzala (variously translated, but roughly The Masters and the Slaves, as on a traditional plantation). Two sequels followed, The Mansions and the Shanties: the making of modern Brazil and Order and Progress: Brazil from monarchy to republic. The trilogy is generally considered a classic of modern cultural anthropology and social history, although it is not without its critics.
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Carlos Drummond de Andrade
Carlos Drummond de Andrade foi um poeta, contista e cronista brasileiro. Formou-se em Farmácia, em 1925; no mesmo ano, fundava, com Emílio Moura e outros escritores mineiros, o periódico modernista "A Revista". Em 1934 mudou-se para o Rio de Janeiro, onde assumiu o cargo de chefe de gabinete de Gustavo Capanema, Ministro da Educação e Saúde, que ocuparia até 1945. Durante esse período, colaborou, como jornalista literário, para vários periódicos, principalmente o Correio da Manhã. Nos anos de 1950, passaria a dedicar-se cada vez mais integralmente à produção literária, publicando poesia, contos, crônicas, literatura infantil e traduções. Entre suas principais obras poéticas estão os livros Alguma Poesia (1930), Sentimento do Mundo (1940), A
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Euclides da Cunha
Euclides (archaic spelling Euclydes) da Cunha (January 20, 1866 – August 15, 1909) was a Brazilian writer, sociologist and engineer. His most important work is Os Sertões (Rebellion in the backlands), a non-fictional account of the military expeditions promoted by the Brazilian government against the rebellious village of Canudos, known as the War of Canudos. This book was a favorite of Robert Lowell, who put it above Tolstoy, the Russian writer.
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Euclides da Cunha was also heavily influenced by Naturalism and its Darwinian proponents. Os Sertões characterised the coast of Brazil as a chain of civilisations while the interior was more primitively influenced.
Euclides da Cunha was the basis for the character of The Journalist in Mario Vargas Ll -
José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani. He wrote some works under pen name Erasmo.
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He is patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
José de Alencar was born in what is today the bairro of Messejana on May 1, 1829, to priest (and later senator) José Martiniano Pereira de Alencar and his cousin Ana Josefina de Alencar. Moving to São Paulo in 1844, he graduated in Law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1850 and starts to follow his lawyer career at Rio de Janeiro. Invited -
Conceição Evaristo
Conceição Evaristo was born in a slum in the south of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais / Brazil. She had to reconcile her studies with work as a domestic worker, until she completed her first years of study in 1971, at the age of 25. She then moved to Rio de Janeiro, where she passed a public competition for teaching and graduated in Letters at UFRJ.
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In the 1980s, she contacted Grupo Quilombhoje. She debuted in literature in 1990, with works published in the series Cadernos Negros, published by the organization.
She holds a Master's degree in Brazilian Literature from PUC-Rio, and a PhD in Comparative Literature from Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF).
Her works, in particular the 2003 novel Ponciá Vicêncio, address themes such as racial, gende -
Aluísio Azevedo
Era filho do português David Gonçalves de Azevedo e de Emília Amália Pinto de Magalhães. Seu pai era viúvo e a mãe era separada do marido, algo que configurava grande escândalo na sociedade da época. Foi irmão do dramaturgo e jornalista Artur Azevedo.
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Desde cedo dedicou-se ao desenho através de caricaturas e à pintura. Em 1876 viaja ao Rio de Janeiro, a fim de estudar Belas Artes, obtendo desde então sustento com seus desenhos para jornais.
Com o falecimento do pai em 1879, volta para o Maranhão, onde começa finalmente a escrever. E em 1881, publica O Mulato, obra que choca a sociedade pela sua forma crua ao desnudar a questão racial. O autor já era abolicionista convicto.
O sucesso desta habilita-o a voltar para a Capital do Império, onde esc -
Maurice Leblanc
Maurice Leblanc (1864 - 1941) was a French novelist, best known as the creator of gentleman thief (later detective) Arsène Lupin.
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Leblanc began as a journalist, until he was asked to write a short story filler, and created, more gallant and dashing than English counterpart Sherlock Holmes. -
Eduardo Galeano
Eduardo Galeano was a Uruguayan journalist, writer and novelist. His best known works are Memoria del fuego (Memory of Fire Trilogy, 1986) and Las venas abiertas de América Latina (Open Veins of Latin America, 1971) which have been translated into twenty languages and transcend orthodox genres: combining fiction, journalism, political analysis, and history.
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The author himself has proclaimed his obsession as a writer saying, "I'm a writer obsessed with remembering, with remembering the past of America above all and above all that of Latin America, intimate land condemned to amnesia."
He has received the International Human Rights Award by Global Exchange (2006) and the Stig Dagerman Prize (2010).