Pêro Vaz de Caminha
Pêro Vaz de Caminha was a Portuguese knight that accompanied Pedro Álvares Cabral to India in 1500, as a secretary to the royal factory. Caminha wrote the detailed official report of the April 1500 discovery of Brazil by Cabral's fleet (Carta de Pêro Vaz de Caminha, dated 1 May, 1500). He died in a riot in Calicut, India, at the end of that year.
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António Vieira
Notável prosador e o mais conhecido orador religioso português, o Padre António Vieira nasceu em 1608, em Lisboa, e faleceu na Baía em 1697. Aos seis anos vai para o Brasil com os pais e fixa-se na Baía.
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Em 1623 inicia o noviciado na Companhia de Jesus. Ordena-se sacerdote em 1635, exerce as funções de pregador nas aldeias baianas e começa a granjear notoriedade como pregador.
Os primeiros sermões já reflectem as preocupações sócio-políticas de Vieira porquanto a colónia da Baía lutava contra as invasões dos holandeses. Em 1641, restaurada a independência, regressa a Portugal e cativa o favor de D. João IV. Por isso, inicia em 1646 missões diplomáticas na Europa. Volta ao Brasil em 1653, para o estado do Maranhão, depois de se envolver em q -
Fernando Pessoa
Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa was a poet and writer.
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It is sometimes said that the four greatest Portuguese poets of modern times are Fernando Pessoa. The statement is possible since Pessoa, whose name means ‘person’ in Portuguese, had three alter egos who wrote in styles completely different from his own. In fact Pessoa wrote under dozens of names, but Alberto Caeiro, Ricardo Reis and Álvaro de Campos were – their creator claimed – full-fledged individuals who wrote things that he himself would never or could never write. He dubbed them ‘heteronyms’ rather than pseudonyms, since they were not false names but “other names”, belonging to distinct literary personalities. Not only were their styles different; they thought differently, they h -
Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, often known as Machado de Assis, Machado, or Bruxo do Cosme Velho, (June 21, 1839, Rio de Janeiro—September 29, 1908, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He is widely regarded as the most important writer of Brazilian literature. However, he did not gain widespread popularity outside Brazil in his own lifetime.
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Machado's works had a great influence on Brazilian literary schools of the late 19th century and 20th century. José Saramago, Carlos Fuentes, Susan Sontag and Harold Bloom are among his admirers and Bloom calls him "the supreme black literary artist to date." -
Carolina Maria de Jesus
Carolina Maria de Jesus was born on March 14, 1914 in Sacramento-MG, where she lived in her childhood and adolescence. Her parents probably migrated from Desemboque to Sacramento as a result of changing the economics of gold mining to farming activities.
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In Sacramento, she attended primary school in a Spiritualist College, which had a mission aimed at poor children of the town, with the help of influential people. Carolina studied just over two years but learned to read and write there. She later remembered reading posters outside movie theaters and realizing that reading was not just something done in school, but a skill that could be used everywhere. All her reading and writing was based on this short time of formal education. She quit sch -
Jorge Amado
Jorge Amado was a modernist Brazilian writer. He remains one of the most read and translated Brazilian authors, second only to Paulo Coelho. In his style of fictional novelist, however, there is no parallel in Brazil. His work was further popularized by highly successful film and TV adaptations.
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He was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1961 until his death in 2001. In 1994, his work was recognized with the Camões Prize, the most prestigious award in Portuguese literature.
His literary work presents two distinct phases. In the first, there is a clear social critic and political focus, with works such as Captains of the Sands and Sea of Death standing out.
In his more mature phase, he adopts an aspect of good-humored and sensual -
Clarice Lispector
Clarice Lispector was a Brazilian writer. Acclaimed internationally for her innovative novels and short stories, she was also a journalist. Born to a Jewish family in Podolia in Western Ukraine, she was brought to Brazil as an infant, amidst the disasters engulfing her native land following the First World War.
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She grew up in northeastern Brazil, where her mother died when she was nine. The family moved to Rio de Janeiro when she was in her teens. While in law school in Rio she began publishing her first journalistic work and short stories, catapulting to fame at age 23 with the publication of her first novel, 'Near to the Wild Heart' (Perto do Coração Selvagem), written as an interior monologue in a style and language that was considered re -
Paulina Chiziane
Paulina "Poulli" Chiziane (born 4 June 1955, Manjacaze, southern province of Gaza, Mozambique) is an author of novels and short stories in the Portuguese language.
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She studied at Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo. She was born to a Protestant family that moved from Gaza to the capital Maputo (then Lourenço Marques) during the writer's early childhood. At home she spoke Chopi and Ronga.
Chiziane was the first woman in Mozambique to publish a novel. Her writing has generated some polemical discussions about social issues, such as the practice of polygamy in the country. For example, her first novel, Balada do Amor ao Vento (1990), discusses polygamy in southern Mozambique during the colonial period. Related to her active involvement in the p -
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, leader of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks), statesman and political theorist. After the October Revolution he served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 until his death in 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1924.
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Lygia Fagundes Telles
Lygia Fagundes Telles (born April 19, 1923) is a Brazilian novelist and short-story writer. She was born in São Paulo and is one of Brazil's most important living writers.
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Her first book of short stories, Praia Viva (Living Beach), was published in 1944. In 1949 got the Afonso Arinos award for her short stories book O Cacto Vermelho (Red Cactus). Among her most successful books are Ciranda de Pedra (The Marble Dance) (1954), Verão no Aquário (1963), Antes do Baile Verde (1970), Seminário dos Ratos (1977) and As Horas Nuas, (1989). The book Antes do Baile Verde won the Best Foreign Women Writers Grand Prix in Cannes (France) in 1969.
Her most famous novel is As Meninas (The Girl in the Photograph), which tells the story of three young women in -
Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos was widely considered one of the most important Brazilian authors of the 20th century. He was a seminal voice in the literary "regionalism" movement.
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As a child Ramos lived in many cities of Northeastern Brazil, stricken by poverty and severe weather conditions (droughts). After high-school, Graciliano went to Rio de Janeiro where he worked as a journalist. In 1915 he traveled to Palmeira dos Indios, state of Alagoas, to live with his father and in 1927 he was elected mayor.
In 1933 he published his first book, Caetés. A few years later he was jailed by the Getúlio Vargas government, on a charge that was never made clear. His experiences in jail would become a unique personal deposition, Memórias do Cárcere.
Graciliano died in -
Carlo M. Cipolla
Carlo M. Cipolla (August 15, 1922 – September 5, 2000) was an Italian economic historian. He was born in Pavia, where he got his academic degree in 1944.
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As a young man, Cipolla wanted to teach history and philosophy in an Italian high school, and therefore enrolled at the political science faculty at Pavia University. Whilst a student there, thanks to professor Franco Borlandi, a specialist in Medieval economic history, he discovered his passion for economic history. Subsequently he studied at the Sorbonne and the London School of Economics.
Cipolla obtained his first teaching post in economic history in Catania at the age of 27. This was to be the first stop in a long academic career in Italy (Venice, Turin, Pavia, Scuola Normale Superiore -
Mário de Andrade
Mário Raul de Morais Andrade was a Brazilian poet, novelist, musicologist, art historian and critic, and photographer. One of the founders of Brazilian modernism, he virtually created modern Brazilian poetry with the publication of his Paulicéia Desvairada (Hallucinated City) in 1922. He has had an enormous influence on Brazilian literature in the 20th and 21st centuries, and as a scholar and essayist—he was a pioneer of the field of ethnomusicology—his influence has reached far beyond Brazil.
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Andrade was the central figure in the avant-garde movement of São Paulo for twenty years. Trained as a musician and best known as a poet and novelist, Andrade was personally involved in virtually every discipline that was connected with São Paulo moder -
Marcelo Rubens Paiva
Escritor, dramaturgo e jornalista, estudou na Escola de Comunicações e Artes da USP, freqüentou o mestrado de Teoria Literária da Unicamp e o King Fellow Program da Universidade de Stanford, na Califórnia.
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Publicou cinco romances: Feliz ano velho (1982, Prêmio Jabuti), Blecaute (1986), Uabrari (1990), Bala na agulha (1992) e Não és tu, Brasil (1996). Publicou também o livro de crônicas As Fêmeas (1994). Foi traduzido para o inglês, espanhol, francês, italiano, alemão e tcheco. Como dramaturgo, escreveu: 525 linhas (1989); O predador entra na sala (1997); Da boca pra fora; e aí, comeu? (1999, Prêmo Shell); Mais-que-imperfeito (2000); Closet Show (2001); e No retrovisor (2002). -
Camilo Castelo Branco
«Camilo Ferreira Botelho Castelo Branco (1825-1890) foi um dos escritores mais prolíferos e marcantes da literatura portuguesa contemporânea tendo sido romancista, cronista, crítico, dramaturgo, historiador, poeta e tradutor. Teve uma vida atribulada, que lhe serviu muitas vezes de inspiração para as suas novelas. Foi o primeiro escritor de língua portuguesa a viver exclusivamente do que escrevia. Durante quase 40 anos, entre 1851 e 1890, escreveu à pena, logo sem qualquer ajuda mecânica, mais de duzentas e sessenta obras, com a média superior a 6 por ano. Prolífico e fecundo escritor, deixou obras de referência na literatura lusitana. Apesar de toda essa fecundidade, Camilo Ferreira Botelho Castelo Branco não permitiu que a intensa produçã
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José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani. He wrote some works under pen name Erasmo.
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He is patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
José de Alencar was born in what is today the bairro of Messejana on May 1, 1829, to priest (and later senator) José Martiniano Pereira de Alencar and his cousin Ana Josefina de Alencar. Moving to São Paulo in 1844, he graduated in Law at the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo in 1850 and starts to follow his lawyer career at Rio de Janeiro. Invited -
Gil Vicente
Gil Vicente, called the Trobadour, was a Portuguese playwright and poet who acted in and directed his own plays. Considered the chief dramatist of Portugal he is sometimes called the "Portuguese Plautus" and often referred to as the "Father of Portuguese drama." Vicente worked in Portuguese as much as he worked in Spanish and is thus, with Juan del Encina, considered joint-father of Spanish drama.
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Vicente was attached to the courts of the Portuguese kings Manuel I and John III. He rose to prominence as a playwright largely on account of the influence of Queen Dowager Leonor, who noticed him as he participated in court dramas and subsequently commissioned him to write his first theatrical work.
He may also have been identical to an accomplishe -
Conceição Evaristo
Conceição Evaristo was born in a slum in the south of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais / Brazil. She had to reconcile her studies with work as a domestic worker, until she completed her first years of study in 1971, at the age of 25. She then moved to Rio de Janeiro, where she passed a public competition for teaching and graduated in Letters at UFRJ.
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In the 1980s, she contacted Grupo Quilombhoje. She debuted in literature in 1990, with works published in the series Cadernos Negros, published by the organization.
She holds a Master's degree in Brazilian Literature from PUC-Rio, and a PhD in Comparative Literature from Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF).
Her works, in particular the 2003 novel Ponciá Vicêncio, address themes such as racial, gende -
Albert Camus
Works, such as the novels The Stranger (1942) and The Plague (1947), of Algerian-born French writer and philosopher Albert Camus concern the absurdity of the human condition; he won the Nobel Prize of 1957 for literature.
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Origin and his experiences of this representative of non-metropolitan literature in the 1930s dominated influences in his thought and work.
He also adapted plays of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Lope de Vega, Dino Buzzati, and Requiem for a Nun of William Faulkner. One may trace his enjoyment of the theater back to his membership in l'Equipe, an Algerian group, whose "collective creation" Révolte dans les Asturies (1934) was banned for political reasons.
Of semi-proletarian parents, early attached to intellectu -
José Saramago
José de Sousa Saramago (16 November 1922 – 18 June 2010) was a Portuguese novelist and recipient of the 1998 Nobel Prize in Literature, for his "parables sustained by imagination, compassion and irony [with which he] continually enables us once again to apprehend an elusory reality." His works, some of which have been seen as allegories, commonly present subversive perspectives on historic events, emphasizing the theopoetic. In 2003 Harold Bloom described Saramago as "the most gifted novelist alive in the world today."
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%... -
Delaf
Delaf (the pen name of Marc Delafontaine, born October 9, 1973 in Sherbrooke, Quebec), is a Québécois comics creator and illustrator, notable for his work in The Bellybuttons (Les Nombrils), a comics feature that he co-created with his wife, Maryse Dubuc.
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More about the autor here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaf -
Eça de Queirós
José Maria Eça de Queirós was a novelist committed to social reform who introduced naturalism and realism to Portugal. He is often considered to be the greatest Portuguese novelist, certainly the leading 19th-century Portuguese novelist whose fame was international. The son of a prominent magistrate, Eça de Queiroz spent his early years with relatives and was sent to boarding school at the age of five. After receiving his degree in law in 1866 from the University of Coimbra, where he read widely French, he settled in Lisbon. There his father, who had since married Eça de Queiroz' mother, made up for past neglect by helping the young man make a start in the legal profession. Eça de Queiroz' real interest lay in literature, however, and soon
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Júlio Ribeiro
Júlio César Ribeiro Vaughan (April 16, 1845 – November 1, 1890) was a Brazilian Naturalist novelist, philologist, journalist and grammarian. He is famous for his controversial romance A Carne and for designing the flag of the State of São Paulo, which he wanted to be the flag of Brazil.
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He is patron of the 24th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.