Francisco Ayala
Francisco Ayala García-Duarte was a Spanish writer and teacher. Born in Granada, he had his first novel, Tragicomedia de un hombre sin espíritu, published when he was only nineteen. At the start of the Spanish Civil War, Ayala was out of the country. He returned for a brief time, later serving as secretary of the Spanish Republic's legation in Prague. At the end of the civil war he moved, as an exile, to Argentina where he lived between 1939 and 1950. There he taught sociology while continuing to publish works of fiction, literary criticism and sociology, notably a three-volume Tratado de la sociología (1947.) He also lived briefly in Brazil and after 1950 in Puerto Rico, where he taught at the University of Puerto Rico. He later moved to t
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José Ortega y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset was a Spanish liberal philosopher and essayist working during the first half of the 20th century while Spain oscillated between monarchy, republicanism and dictatorship. He was, along with Kant, Schopenhauer, and Nietzsche, a proponent of the idea of perspectivism.
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Julio Caro Baroja
Julio Caro Baroja (1914–1995) was a world-renowned Basque Spanish anthropologist, historian, linguist and essayist. He was known for his special interest in Basque culture, history and society. Of Basque ancestry, he was the nephew of the renowned writer Pio Baroja; and his brother, painter, writer and engraver Ricardo Baroja. He is buried at the family's home, Itzea, in Bera (Navarre).
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Plato
Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (c. 427 – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. He raised problems for what became all the major areas of both theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy, and was the founder of the Platonic Academy, a philosophical school in Athens where Plato taught the doctrines that would later become known as Platonism.
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Plato's most famous contribution is the theory of forms (or ideas), which has been interpreted as advancing a solution to what is now known as the problem of universals. He was decisively influenced by the pre-Socratic thinkers Pythagoras, H -
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "the Bard"). His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare remains arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his works continue to be studied and reinterpreted.
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Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon, W -
Daniel Defoe
Daniel Defoe was an English novelist, journalist, merchant, pamphleteer and spy. He is most famous for his novel Robinson Crusoe, published in 1719, which is claimed to be second only to the Bible in its number of translations. He has been seen as one of the earliest proponents of the English novel, and helped to popularise the form in Britain with others such as Aphra Behn and Samuel Richardson. Defoe wrote many political tracts, was often in trouble with the authorities, and spent a period in prison. Intellectuals and political leaders paid attention to his fresh ideas and sometimes consulted him.
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Defoe was a prolific and versatile writer, producing more than three hundred works—books, pamphlets, and journals—on diverse topics, including -
Miguel Delibes
Miguel Delibes Setién was a Spanish novelist, journalist and newspaper editor associated with the Generation of '36 movement. From 1975 until his death, he was a member of the Royal Spanish Academy, where he occupied letter "e" seat. Educated in commerce, he began his career as a cartoonist and columnist. He later became the editor for the regional newspaper El Norte de Castilla before gradually devoting himself exclusively to writing novels.
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He was a connoisseur of the flora and fauna of Castile and was passionate about hunting and the countryside. These were common themes in his writing, and he often wrote from the perspective of a city-dweller who remained connected with the rural world.
He was one of the leading figures of post-Civil War -
Oscar Wilde
Oscar Fingal O'Fflahertie Wills Wilde was an Irish poet and playwright. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of the most popular playwrights in London in the early 1890s. He is best remembered for his epigrams and plays, his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, and his criminal conviction for gross indecency for homosexual acts.
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Wilde's parents were Anglo-Irish intellectuals in Dublin. In his youth, Wilde learned to speak fluent French and German. At university, he read Greats; he demonstrated himself to be an exceptional classicist, first at Trinity College Dublin, then at Magdalen College, Oxford. He became associated with the emerging philosophy of aestheticism, led by two of his tutors, Walter Pater and Joh -
H.P. Lovecraft
Howard Phillips Lovecraft, of Providence, Rhode Island, was an American author of horror, fantasy and science fiction.
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Lovecraft's major inspiration and invention was cosmic horror: life is incomprehensible to human minds and the universe is fundamentally alien. Those who genuinely reason, like his protagonists, gamble with sanity. Lovecraft has developed a cult following for his Cthulhu Mythos, a series of loosely interconnected fictions featuring a pantheon of human-nullifying entities, as well as the Necronomicon, a fictional grimoire of magical rites and forbidden lore. His works were deeply pessimistic and cynical, challenging the values of the Enlightenment, Romanticism and Christianity. Lovecraft's protagonists usually achieve the mir -
Charles Baudelaire
Public condemned Les fleurs du mal (1857), obscene only volume of French writer, translator, and critic Charles Pierre Baudelaire; expanded in 1861, it exerted an enormous influence over later symbolist and modernist poets.
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Reputation of Charles Pierre Baudelaire rests primarily on perhaps the most important literary art collection, published in Europe in the 19th century. Similarly, his early experiment Petits poèmes en prose (1868) ( Little Prose Poems ) most succeeded and innovated of the time.
From financial disaster to prosecution for blasphemy, drama and strife filled life of known Baudelaire with highly controversial and often dark tales of Edgar Allan Poe. Long after his death, his name represents depravity and vice. He se -
Isaac Asimov
Works of prolific Russian-American writer Isaac Asimov include popular explanations of scientific principles, The Foundation Trilogy (1951-1953), and other volumes of fiction.
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Isaac Asimov, a professor of biochemistry, wrote as a highly successful author, best known for his books.
Asimov, professor, generally considered of all time, edited more than five hundred books and ninety thousand letters and postcards. He published in nine of the ten major categories of the Dewey decimal classification but lacked only an entry in the category of philosophy (100).
People widely considered Asimov, a master of the genre alongside Robert Anson Heinlein and Arthur Charles Clarke as the "big three" during his lifetime. He later tied Galactic Empire -
Juan Rulfo
Juan Perez Rulfo
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Juan Rulfo nació el 16 de mayo de 1917 Él sostuvo que esto ocurrió en la casa familiar de Apulco, Jalisco, aunque fue registrado en la ciudad de Sayula, donde se conserva su acta de nacimiento. Vivió en la pequeña población de San Gabriel, pero las tempranas muertes de su padre, primero (1923), y de su madre poco después (1927), obligaron a sus familiares a inscribirlo en un internado en Guadalajara, la capital del estado de Jalisco.
Durante sus años en San Gabriel entró en contacto con la biblioteca de un cura (básicamente literaria), depositada en la casa familiar, y recordará siempre estas lecturas, esenciales en su formación literaria. Algunos acostumbran destacar su temprana orfandad como determinante en su vocación artí -
Miguel de Unamuno
Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo was born in the medieval centre of Bilbao, Basque Country, the son of Félix de Unamuno and Salomé Jugo. As a young man, he was interested in the Basque language, and competed for a teaching position in the Instituto de Bilbao, against Sabino Arana. The contest was finally won by the Basque scholar Resurrección María de Azcue.
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Unamuno worked in all major genres: the essay, the novel, poetry and theatre, and, as a modernist, contributed greatly to dissolving the boundaries between genres. There is some debate as to whether Unamuno was in fact a member of the Generation of '98 (an ex post facto literary group of Spanish intellectuals and philosophers that was the creation of José Martínez Ruiz — a group that includes An -
Gerald Durrell
Gerald "Gerry" Malcolm Durrell was born in India in 1925. His elder siblings are Lawrence Durrell, Leslie Durrell, and Margaret Durrell. His family settled on Corfu when Gerald was a boy and he spent his time studying its wildlife. He relates these experiences in the trilogy beginning with My Family And Other Animals, and continuing with Birds, Beasts, And Relatives and The Garden Of The Gods. In his books he writes with wry humour and great perception about both the humans and the animals he meets.
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On leaving Corfu he returned to England to work on the staff of Whipsnade Park as a student keeper. His adventures there are told with characteristic energy in Beasts In My Belfry. A few years later, Gerald began organising his own animal-collec -
Camilo José Cela
Camilo José Cela Trulock was a Spaniard writer from Galicia. Prolific author (as a novelist, journalist, essayist, literary magazine editor, lecturer ...), he was a member of the Royal Spanish Academy for 45 years and won, among others, the Prince of Asturias Prize for Literature in 1987, the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1989 ("for a rich and intensive prose, which with restrained compassion forms a challenging vision of man's vulnerability.") and the Cervantes Prize in 1995.
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In 1996 King Juan Carlos I granted him, for his literary merits, the title Marquis of Iria Flavia.
His son, Camilo José Cela Conde is also a writer.
See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camilo_J... -
Juan Ramón Jiménez
Platero y Yo (1914) ranks as most famous work of Spanish poet Juan Ramón Jiménez, who introduced modernism to Spanish verse and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1956.
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He won this prize "for his lyrical poetry, which in Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistical purity."
See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ram... -
José Ortega y Gasset
José Ortega y Gasset was a Spanish liberal philosopher and essayist working during the first half of the 20th century while Spain oscillated between monarchy, republicanism and dictatorship. He was, along with Kant, Schopenhauer, and Nietzsche, a proponent of the idea of perspectivism.
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Juan Benet
Juan Benet Goitia, nace en Madrid, el último de los tres hijos del matrimonio del abogado Tomás Benet Jordana y Teresa Goitia Ajuria. Su padre murió fusilado en la zona republicana al comienzo de la guerra civil, en 1936, después de lo cual su madre se fue con sus hijos a San Sebastián, donde tenía familiares, hasta que en 1939 regresó a la capital.
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En San Sebastián, Benet ingresa en un colegio católico y en Madrid continúa sus estudios en el de Nuestra Señora del Pilar, donde termina el bachillerato en 1944. Cuatro años más tarde, ingresa en la Escuela Superior de Caminos, Canales y Puertos.
En 1946 comienza frecuentar la tertulia de Pío Baroja, uno de los pocos escritores españoles de que gustaba, y al que dedicó unas páginas en Otoño en -
Carmen Martín Gaite
Carmen Martín Gaite (Salamanca 1925-Madrid 2000) se licenció en Filosofía y Letras en la Universidad de Salamanca, donde conoció a Ignacio Aldecoa y a Agustín García Calvo. En esa universidad tuvo además su primer contacto con el teatro participando como actriz en varias obras.
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Se trasladó a Madrid en 1950 y se doctoró en la Universidad de Madrid con la tesis Usos amorosos del XVIII en España. Ignacio Aldecoa, cuya obra estudiaría posteriormente, la introdujo en su círculo literario, donde conoció a Josefina Aldecoa, Alfonso Sastre, Juan Benet, Medardo Fraile, Jesús Fernández Santos y Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, con quien se casó en 1954. De esta manera se incluyó en la que sería conocida como la Generación del 55 o Generación de la Posguerra. -
Federico García Lorca
Born in Fuente Vaqueros, Granada, Spain, June 5 1898; died near Granada, August 19 1936, García Lorca is one of Spain's most deeply appreciated and highly revered poets and dramatists. His murder by the Nationalists at the start of the Spanish civil war brought sudden international fame, accompanied by an excess of political rhetoric which led a later generation to question his merits; after the inevitable slump, his reputation has recovered (largely with a shift in interest to the less obvious works). He must now be bracketed with Machado as one of the two greatest poets Spain has produced in the 20th century, and he is certainly Spain's greatest dramatist since the Golden Age.
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Luis Martín-Santos
Luis Martín Ribera (que luego cambiaría a Luis Martín-Santos Ribera, por voluntad de su padre Leandro) nace en Larache, Marruecos, en 1924. Hijo de Leandro y Mercedes, desplazados en Larache hasta 1929 a causa de la condición de oficial militar de su padre Leandro y la ocupación de la zona por parte de España. La familia se traslada a San Sebastián en 1929, donde estudia Luis el bachillerato junto con su hermano Leandro en el colegio Santa María Marianistas. Años después marcha a Salamanca a estudiar medicina y se licencia en 1946 con premio extraordinario. Cursa el doctorado en Madrid entre 1946 y 1949, años en que colabora en el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (retratado en Tiempo de silencio), se doctora con una tesis dir
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Alfonso Sastre
Dramaturgo español autor de una obra caracterizada por su crítica y su fuerte carga social. La Guerra Civil y el impacto que le produjo se reflejó en toda su obra. Comenzó a estudiar ingeniería pero la abandonó pronto. En 1945 fundó con algunos amigos el grupo teatral Arte Nuevo, que se proponía renovar la escena española, y escribió en colaboración con Medardo Fraile el drama "Ha sonado la muerte". Dos años después se matriculó en Filosofía y Letras en Madrid, carrera que acabó tiempo después en Murcia. Mientras tanto continuó escribiendo teatro y también encargándose de la dirección de las obras y la escenografía.
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En 1950 redactó el Manifiesto del T.A.S. (Teatro de Agitación Social) publicado en la revista La Hora, en la que también escrib -
Julio Caro Baroja
Julio Caro Baroja (1914–1995) was a world-renowned Basque Spanish anthropologist, historian, linguist and essayist. He was known for his special interest in Basque culture, history and society. Of Basque ancestry, he was the nephew of the renowned writer Pio Baroja; and his brother, painter, writer and engraver Ricardo Baroja. He is buried at the family's home, Itzea, in Bera (Navarre).
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Ramón J. Sender
Ramón José Sender Garcés fue un novelista español. De espíritu rebelde y autodidáctico, se sintió siempre atraído por la ideología del anarquismo, incluso cuando, avanzada la vida, se apartó de las actitudes izquierdistas de su juventud. Tras realizar el servicio militar en Marruecos, se inició en el periodismo y colaboró en publicaciones radicales y libertarias.
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Sus primeras novelas son de testimonio social y propósito denunciatorio: el antimilitarismo de Imán (1930), sobre la guerra de Marruecos; su ataque al régimen policiaco en O.P.: orden público (1931); la lucha anarquista en Siete domingos rojos (1932) y el relato de la insurrección cantonal de Cartagena (1873) en Mr. Witt en el cantón (1935). Durante la guerra civil luchó en Sierra d -
Carlos Fuentes
Carlos Fuentes Macías was a Mexican writer and one of the best-known novelists and essayists of the 20th century in the Spanish-speaking world. Fuentes influenced contemporary Latin American literature, and his works have been widely translated into English and other languages.
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Fuentes was born in Panama City, Panama; his parents were Mexican. Due to his father being a diplomat, during his childhood he lived in Montevideo, Rio de Janeiro, Washington, Santiago, and Buenos Aires. In his adolescence, he returned to Mexico, where he lived until 1965. He was married to film star Rita Macedo from 1959 till 1973, although he was an habitual philanderer and allegedly, his affairs - which he claimed include film actresses such as Jeanne Moreau and Je -
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra
Miguel de Cervantes y Cortinas, later Saavedra was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. His novel Don Quixote is often considered his magnum opus, as well as the first modern novel.
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It is assumed that Miguel de Cervantes was born in Alcalá de Henares. His father was Rodrigo de Cervantes, a surgeon of cordoban descent. Little is known of his mother Leonor de Cortinas, except that she was a native of Arganda del Rey.
In 1569, Cervantes moved to Italy, where he served as a valet to Giulio Acquaviva, a wealthy priest who was elevated to cardinal the next year. By then, Cervantes had enlisted as a soldier in a Spanish Navy infantry regiment and continued his military life until 1575, when he was captured by Algerian corsairs. He was then rele -
Bea Lema
Beatriz Lema Rivera (1985), known as Bea Lema, is a Spanish cartoonist and illustrator, winner of the 2024 Spanish National Comic Award. Her works have been published in both Spanish and French.
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In 2017, she published her first comic in galician, O Corpo de Cristo, which was nominated and later named winner of the XII Castelao Comic Award of the Provincial Council of A Coruña, becoming the first woman to receive this award. Thanks to a scholarship she remade her work at the Maison des auteurs in Angoulême, and it was later published in France under the title Des maux à dire.
Her first work, renamed to Spanish as El Cuerpo de Cristo and published this time by the Astiberri publishing house, was awarded the 2024 National Comic Award, which was -
Juan Benet
Juan Benet Goitia, nace en Madrid, el último de los tres hijos del matrimonio del abogado Tomás Benet Jordana y Teresa Goitia Ajuria. Su padre murió fusilado en la zona republicana al comienzo de la guerra civil, en 1936, después de lo cual su madre se fue con sus hijos a San Sebastián, donde tenía familiares, hasta que en 1939 regresó a la capital.
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En San Sebastián, Benet ingresa en un colegio católico y en Madrid continúa sus estudios en el de Nuestra Señora del Pilar, donde termina el bachillerato en 1944. Cuatro años más tarde, ingresa en la Escuela Superior de Caminos, Canales y Puertos.
En 1946 comienza frecuentar la tertulia de Pío Baroja, uno de los pocos escritores españoles de que gustaba, y al que dedicó unas páginas en Otoño en