Fernando A. Novais
Professor Emérito da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), onde lecionou no Departamento de História da FFLCH entre 1961 e 1986 na cadeira de História Moderna e Contemporânea. Professor da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), onde lecionou no Instituto de Economia entre 1986 e 2003. Doutor em História pela Universidade de São Paulo (1973), é autor do livro "Portugal e Brasil na Crise do Antigo Sistema Colonial", obra clássica da historiografia brasileira, e de inúmeros trabalhos importantes sobre história e historiografia. Responsável pela orientação de inúmeras teses de doutorado e dissertações de mestrado, atualmente é professor das Faculdades de Campinas (FACAMP), onde leciona na Faculdade de Ciências Econômicas.
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Michel de Certeau
Michel de Certeau, historian, cultural theorist, psychoanalyst, and theologian was one of the most multifaceted French intellectuals and scholars of the late 20th century. His concept of everyday life practices was of signal importance for the development of cultural studies in the Anglo-Saxon world. His use of space as a key category in the history and analysis of cultural practices has also influenced the later “spatial turn” in history and art history. Finally, his works on early modern mysticism constitute ground-breaking research in religious studies and theology. Interestingly enough, these studies on mysticism were less influential in the Anglo-Saxon world than they were in France or Germany, whence the distinction between the “Ameri
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William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet, and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "the Bard"). His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare remains arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his works continue to be studied and reinterpreted.
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Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon, W -
Herman Melville
There is more than one author with this name
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Herman Melville was an American novelist, short story writer, and poet of the American Renaissance period. Among his best-known works are Moby-Dick (1851); Typee (1846), a romanticized account of his experiences in Polynesia; and Billy Budd, Sailor, a posthumously published novella. At the time of his death, Melville was no longer well known to the public, but the 1919 centennial of his birth was the starting point of a Melville revival. Moby-Dick eventually would be considered one of the great American novels.
Melville was born in New York City, the third child of a prosperous merchant whose death in 1832 left the family in dire financial straits. He took to sea in 1839 as a common sailor on a mer -
Jacques Le Goff
A prolific medievalist of international renown, Le Goff is sometimes considered the principal heir and continuator of the movement known as Annales School (École des Annales), founded by his intellectual mentor Marc Bloch. Le Goff succeeded Fernand Braudel in 1972 at the head of the École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS) and was succeeded by François Furet in 1977. Along with Pierre Nora, he was one of the leading figure of New History (Nouvelle histoire) in the 1970s.
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Since then, he has dedicated himself to studies on the historical anthropology of Western Europe during medieval times. He is well-known for contesting the very name of "Middle Ages" and its chronology, highlighting achievements of this period and variations insi -
Xavier de Maistre
Xavier de Maistre of Savoy (at the time, a region of the Kingdom of Sardinia), lived largely as a military man, but is known as a French writer. The younger brother of noted philosopher and counter-revolutionary Joseph de Maistre, Xavier was born to an aristocratic family at Chambéry in October 1763. He served when young in the Kingdom of Sardinia army, and wrote his fantasy, Voyage autour de ma chambre (Journey Around My Room, published 1794) when he was under arrest in Turin as the consequence of a duel.
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Xavier shared the politics and the loyalty of his brother, and after a French revolutionary army annexed Savoy to France in 1792, he left the service, and eventually took a commission in the Russian army. He served under Alexander Suvorov -
Graciliano Ramos
Graciliano Ramos was widely considered one of the most important Brazilian authors of the 20th century. He was a seminal voice in the literary "regionalism" movement.
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As a child Ramos lived in many cities of Northeastern Brazil, stricken by poverty and severe weather conditions (droughts). After high-school, Graciliano went to Rio de Janeiro where he worked as a journalist. In 1915 he traveled to Palmeira dos Indios, state of Alagoas, to live with his father and in 1927 he was elected mayor.
In 1933 he published his first book, Caetés. A few years later he was jailed by the Getúlio Vargas government, on a charge that was never made clear. His experiences in jail would become a unique personal deposition, Memórias do Cárcere.
Graciliano died in -
Lima Barreto
Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto nasceu em 1881 na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Enfrentou o preconceito por ser mestiço durante a vida. Ficou órfão aos sete anos de idade de mãe e, algum tempo depois, seu pai foi trabalhar como almoxarife em um asilo de loucos chamado Colônia de Alienados da Ilha do Governador.
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Concluiu o curso secundário na Escola Politécnica, contudo, teve que abandonar a faculdade de Engenharia, pois seu pai havia sido internado, vítima de loucura, e o autor foi obrigado a arcar com as despesas de casa.
Como leu bastante após a conclusão do segundo grau, sua produção textual era de excelente qualidade, foi então que iniciou sua atividade como jornalista, sendo colaborador da imprensa. Contribuiu para as principais revistas de -